摘要 钙钛矿太阳能电池(PSCs)在短时间内得到快速发展，其最高的电池效率已达20。1%，展现了其在工业应用上的前景。但是甲胺铅碘(CH3NH3PbI3)在周围环境中稳定性不好，容易分解，造成电池性能不稳定。同时试验中难以控制各个元素比例，造成钙钛矿晶体中存在阴阳离子缺位，缺陷增多，导致薄膜连续性差。为了改善薄膜质量，并提高电池的光电性能，本课题尝试在前驱体溶液中分别加入不同比例的4-氨基苯甲酸，乙醇胺盐酸盐，4-氨基戊酸盐酸盐(4AAH)与CH3NH3I混合，并将其制备成钙钛矿太阳能电池进行光电性能的研究。结果表明，添加4AAH能够明显提高电池的光电性能。分析原因可能是R-NH3+ 和R-COO-能部分取代钙钛矿中的阴阳离子缺位，4AAH中的R-COO-能加强钙钛矿层与TiO2层的结合力。通过对比不同比例添加量的实验结果，得出当控制4AAH:CH3NH3I比例为20:1时，钙钛矿吸光层薄膜的质量最好，同时电池的光电性能最佳，效率达到15。6%，240h内电池的稳定性下降得也最少。87856

毕业论文关键词  钙钛矿太阳能电池  甲胺铅碘   取代  电池效率

毕业设计说明书外文摘要

Title   Syntheses and photoelectric properties characterizations   of organic-inorganic hybrid  perovskites                 

Abstract Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have developed rapidly in very short time and the highest photoelectric conversion efficiency have reached 20。1%, showing great potential for the industry applications。 However, the solar cells based on methylamine lead iodide (CH3NH3PbI3) show very poor stability under ambient condition owing to the deliquescent nature of the CH3NH3PbI3。 In addition, it is difficult to control the stoichiometric proportion of the CH3NH3PbI3 with normal synthesis method, which tends to induce defects in the perovskite crystal lattice。 In order to improve the film quality and the performance of PSCs, we tried to use the mixture of methylamine iodide and amino acid, such as 4-aminobenzoic acid, ethanolamine hydrochloride and 4-aminovaleric acid aydrochloride (4AAH) to the perovskite precursor solution to prepare the perovskite films。 The photovoltaic properties of PSCs based on these perovskite films showed that the cell performances were greatly improved by the adding of 4AAH。 This may because the 4AAH can complement the vacancies of CH3NH3+ or I- with R-NH3+ and R-COO-, and connect the perovskite, thus enhanced the film quality partially。 The R-COO- of 4AAH also had a tight contact with the TiO2 scaffold, which can facilitate the electron transport from the perovskite to the electrode。 We found that the optimum addition proportion of 4AAH to MAI was 1: 20 in molar ratio。 With this adding proportion, the solar cell achieved the highest power conversion efficiency of 15。6% and showed high stability during 240 hours keeping in air。 

Keywords  perovskite solar cells    methylamine lead iodide    replace  power conversion efficience

目   次

1  引言 1

1。1  太阳能电池的发展历程 1

1。1。1 单晶硅太阳能电池 1

1。1。2 第二代薄膜太阳能电池 1

1。1。3 染料敏化太阳能电池 2

1。2 钙钛矿太阳能电池 2

1。2。1 钙钛矿材料 3

1。2。2 钙钛矿太阳能电池的基本结构以及电池工作原理 4

1。2。3 钙钛矿薄膜的制备方法