摘要：近年来，我国建筑业已成为快速发展的四大行业之一，随着建筑业的快速增长，也产生了许多不定性因素，尤其是建筑施工安全事故频繁发生。然而在国内并没有系统，完整的对危险源的辨识，风险评估，危险源的控制进行管理的方案。

本文通过施工现场的实际情况，从建筑施工安全管理的角度进行讨论，着重对建筑施工危险源辨识，建筑施工风险评价及对其控制进行了研究。施工企业往往会采用LEC风险评价法对项目进行分析，但由于该分析法有很多缺陷，本文将AHP分析法和LEC评价法(作业条件危险性评价法)相结合，对塔吊作业中可能存在的危险源进行了风险评价，并提出了控制方法。

本文在学习了众多参考文献，前人的理论心得后，对建筑施工过程中可能存在的危险源进行辨识、对于其风险进行评价，并且提出控制及应对措施。

关键字：建筑施工；危险源；辨识；LEC风险评价方法；控制

Identification and control of construction hazard source

Abstract In recent years, China’s construction industry has become one of the four major industries for rapid development. With the rapid growth of the construction industry, there have also been many uncertainties, especially construction safety accidents. However, in China, there is no systematic, complete program for the identification of risk sources, risk assessment, and control of hazard sources.

This article discusses the actual situation of the construction site from the perspective of construction safety management. It focuses on the identification of hazards in construction, risk evaluation of construction and its control. In construction companies, LEC risk assessment method is often used to analyze the project. However, due to the many deficiencies of this analysis method, this paper combines AHP analysis method and LEC evaluation method (operating condition risk assessment method) and may exist in tower crane operations. The risk sources were evaluated for risk and proposed control methods.

After learning many references and previous theoretical achievements, this article identifies possible sources of hazards in the construction process, evaluates the risks, and proposes control and countermeasures.

Key Word: Construction; hazard; identification,; LEC risk assessment method; control

目录

1 绪论 5

1.1 建筑安全管理现状 5

1.2 研究意义 7

2 建筑施工危险源的概述 9

2.1 建筑施工危险源的基本概念 9

2.2 建筑施工危险源分类方法 9

2.2.1 根据直接原因分类 9

2.2.2 根据间接原因分类 10

2.3 建筑施工安全管理基本步骤 10

3 建筑施工危险源辨识 13

3.1 建筑施工危险源辨识过程 13

3.1.1 施工准备阶段 13

3.1.2 基础施工阶段 14

3.1.3 主体结构施工阶段 14

3.1.4 施工竣工阶段 15

3.2 建筑施工常见危险源辨识结果 15

3.2.1 作业区域危险源 15

3.2.2 临建设施危险源 16

3.3 建筑施工危险源存在原因