摘    要：随着二十一世纪社会经济和现代化发展，家庭结构发生变化，其中首当其冲的是老龄化问题，而老龄化问题中空巢老人的问题也逐渐暴露了出来。本文通过文献研究法明确了城镇空巢老人有获得精神支持的需求，精神需求的满足程度对空巢老人的心理健康起到很大的作用，目前的精神赡养需要专业社会工作的介入；通过实地访谈法以诸暨市c社区为例，研究社会工作介入城镇空巢老人的精神支持的重要性，发现目前社区对空巢老人的支持只局限于物质需要，忽视了空巢老人对情感、尊重和自我实现的需要，从而得出社会工作需要介入城镇空巢老人精神支持，并试图以专业的社区工作方法为其提供帮助。最后本文从社区工作视角从子女、朋友、社区三个支持源分析了社区工作为空巢老人提供精神支持的策略。

With the development of social economy and modernization in the 21 century, the family structure has changed, among which the aging problem is the first one, and the problem of the empty nest elderly is gradually exposed in the aging problem. Through the method of literature research, this paper clarifies the demand of the urban empty-nest elderly to get spiritual support. The degree of satisfaction of the spiritual needs plays a great role in the mental health of the empty-nesters, and the present spiritual support needs the intervention of professional social work. Taking community c in Zhuji city as an example, this paper studies the importance of social work intervention in the spiritual support of empty nest elderly in cities and towns. It is found that the community support for empty nest elderly is limited to material at present. It ignores the need for emotion, respect and self-realization of empty-nesters, and concludes that social work needs to be involved in the spiritual support of urban empty-nesters, and try to provide help with professional community work methods. Finally, from the perspective of community work, this paper analyzes the strategies of community work to provide spiritual support for empty-nest elderly from three support sources: children, friends and community.

关键词：社会工作； 空巢老人； 精神支持；

Keyword:social work；empty-nest elderly；spiritual support

目    录

一、绪论 1

（一）研究背景 1

（二）文献综述 1

1.空巢老人精神支持需求 1

2.对城镇空巢老人精神需求实现情况的研究 2

3.对社工介入措施的研究 2

4.小结 2

（三）研究问题 3

（四）研究意义 3

（五） 研究方法 3

1、 文献研究法 3

2、实地调查法 3

二、城镇空巢老人精神支持 3

（一）精神支持 3

1、来自子女、爱人的亲情支持 3

2、来自同龄朋友的社交支持 4

3、来自社区的服务支持 4

4、小结 4

三、 城镇空巢老人精神支持上的不足 5

（一） 子女和配偶陪伴的缺失 5

（二） 朋友圈子狭窄