摘要随着我国人口老龄化的加剧，对老年人的赡养也不仅仅局限于经济赡养，老年人的精神需求问题显得较为迫切。现有的一些针对老人精神需求的研究主要针对是机构老人与空巢老人，然而两者可能重叠的部分，即城市退休老人没有得到学术界足够的重视。本文将研究重点放在城市退休老人精神需求问题上，将精神需求问题进行操作化，并以此为依据制定问卷，研究得出城市退休老人的精神满意度较低，进一步分析指出现存的孤独感强烈、活动频率低、子女不够重视精神赡养、社区支持不够等问题，从健康状况、居住情况、子女支持、活动频率等影响精神需求实现的因素进行了分析；提出由政府、社区、其他组织可以提供的正式支持以及由家庭、邻居、朋友给予的非正式支持，真正做到养老服务由物质养老到物质养老和精神慰藉并重的转变。47662

   With the intensification of China's aging population, maintenance is not only economic support for older persons, older people's spiritual needs are more urgent.Address the spiritual needs of some of the existing elderly study focuses on institutional elderly people and empty-nesters, however they may overlap partially, that city retirees were not enough attention from the academic community.Paper will research focus put in city retired elderly spirit needs problem shàng, will spirit needs problem for operation of, and to this for according to developed questionnaire, research obtained city retired elderly of spirit satisfaction degrees lower, further analysis pointed out that existing of alone sense strongly, and activities frequency low, and children enough attention spirit maintenance, and community support enough, problem, from health status, and live situation, and children support, and activities frequency, effects spirit needs achieved of factors for has analysis;Proposed by the Government, communities and other organizations can provide formal support and the informal support of the family, neighbors, friends, truly old-age services by physical endowment to endowment and spiritual comfort of change.

 毕业论文关键词： 人口老龄化; 城市退休老人; 精神需求；养老服务

  Keyword: population aging; city retirees; spiritual needs; pension services

目    录

一、城市退休老人研究意义以及相关概念 4

（一）时代背景以及研究城市退休老人精神需求问题的意义 4

（二）概念界定 5

二、城市退休老人精神需求现状 5

（一）归属和爱的需求 7

（二）尊重的需求 8

（三）自我实现需求 8

（四）问卷调查结论 9

三、 退休老人精神需求实现的影响因素 10

（一）健康状况 10

（二）居住情况 11

（三）与子女沟通交流频率 11

（四）活动频率 11

四、不断满足退休老人精神需求的对策与建议 12

（一）正式社会支持 12

（二）非正式社会支持 14

五、总结 15

  一、城市退休老人研究意义以及相关概念

  （一）时代背景以及研究城市退休老人精神需求问题的意义