摘要：本课题研究了白头翁根等10种中草药（代号H-1至H-10）的提取及其提取液的抑菌性能。首先，采用两种提取方法对10种中草药进行提取，并采用滤纸圆片法研究了中草药提取液对4种常见菌种（大肠杆菌，金黄色葡萄球菌，绿脓杆菌和酵母菌）的抑菌性能。随后选取抑菌性能较好的中草药提取物进一步进行最小抑菌浓度（MIC）测试实验。最后基于抑菌圈大小和MIC值选取2种中草药进行单因素试验，研究提取温度、料液比、乙醇浓度、提取时间对抑菌性能的影响，优化提取工艺条件。实验结果表明：H-2和H-5对4种常用菌种具有较好的抗菌效果；H-2较佳的提取条件为：提取温度70℃，料液比1:25，乙醇浓度85%，加热回流时间2.5h；H-5较佳的提取条件为：提取温度80℃，料液比1:20，乙醇浓度75%，加热回流时间2h。

关键词：中草药；抑菌；提取；抑菌圈；MIC

Abstract：In this paper, the extraction and the bacteriostatic properties of the extracts of ten kinds of Chinese herbal medicines(code H-1 to H-10) were studied. First, two kinds of extraction methods were used to extract ten kinds of Chinese herbal medicines, and the filter paper wafer method was used to study the bacteriostatic performance of Chinese herbal extract against 4 common strains (E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and yeast). Then the Chinese herbal extracts with better antibacterial properties were selected for further MIC test. Finally, based on the size of bacteria circle and MIC value, 2 kinds of Chinese herbal medicines were selected to carry out single factor test to explore the effects of extraction temperature, material-to-liquid ratio, ethanol concentration and extraction time on the bacteriostatic efficacy to optimize the extraction conditions. The experiment result showed that H-2 and H-5 behaved good bacteriostatic effect on 4 kinds of common bacteria; the better extraction conditions of H-2 were as follows: the extraction temperature of 70oC, the material-to-liquid ratio of 1:25, the alcohol concentration of 85%, the extraction time of 2.5h; the better extraction conditions of H-5 were temperature were as follows: the extraction temperature of 80oC, the material-to-liquid ratio of 1:20, the alcohol concentration of 75%, the extraction time of 2h.

Key words: Chinese herbal medicine; Bacteriostasic activity; Extraction; Bacteria circle; MIC

目录

第一章 绪论 1

1.1 化妆品防腐剂的研究现状 1

1.2 化妆品用防腐剂概况 1

1.3 化妆品用植物防腐成分 2

1.4 植物成分防腐机理 2

1.5植物源防腐剂抑菌强弱的判断方法 3

1.6 研究内容及预期目标 3

1.6.1 研究内容 3

1.7本课题的研究目的和意义 4

第二章 实验材料与方法 5

2.1 引言 5

2.2 实验材料、仪器 5

2.2.1实验材料 5

2.2.2 主要仪器与设备 5

2.3实验方法 6

2.3.1 中草药的研磨 6

2.3.2 第一种中草药提取方案 6

2.3.3 第一种中草药提取液的抑菌圈实验 6

2.3.4 第一种中草药提取液的MIC实验