固体酸的制备及在双缩醛（酮）中的应用
毕业论文 关键词：生物碳基磺酸；固体酸；催化；缩合
Biological carbon based solid acid catalystthe Synthesis of Pentaerythritol double benzaldehyde
Abstract： In this paper, cellulose-rich natural ingredients : walnut shells biological carbon-based solid acid through carbonation sulfonic and sulfonated prepared. And use such solid acid catalyst,By catalytic benzaldehyde and Pentaerythritol carried condensation reaction Synthesis of Pentaerythritol double benzaldehyde to examine the activity of the catalyst. Experiments show that the optimum conditions for the preparation process: carbonization temperature 80℃,carbonization time 3h, Walnut shell and the mass ratio of concentrated sulfuric acid 1:10, sulfonated temperature 90 ℃, sulfonated time 5h. Preparation conditions of this acid carbon-based solid acid,the yield of Product is 83.2%. Condensation product structure by IR spectrum and 1-H--NMR1 to characterize.
Key Words: Biological carbon-based acid; solid acid; catalysis; Condensation
目录
1、前言 1
1.1 开题依据 1
1.2固体酸催化剂概述 1
1.2.1固体酸催化剂简介 1
1.2.2固体酸催化剂分类 2
1.2.3碳基固体酸催化剂简介 4
1.3. 季戊四醇双缩醛（酮）的研究状况 4
1.3.1固体超强酸催化 4
1.3.2 Ti02／S042-催化 5
1.3.3活性炭负载对甲苯磺酸催化 5
1.3.4可膨胀石墨催化 5
1.3.5硫酸氢钠催化 5
1.3.6脱铝超稳Y沸石催化 6
1.3.7杂多酸催化 6
1.3.8杂多酸-聚合物复合膜催化 6
1.3.9杂多聚磷酸催化 6
1.3.10活性炭负载单质碘催化 6
1.3.11活性炭负载磷钨酸催化 7
1.3.12微波辐射合成法 7
1.4季戊四醇双缩醛（酮）的合成方法 8
1.4.1合成路线 8
1.4.2反应机理 8
2 实验部分 9
2.1仪器与试剂 9
2.1.1仪器 9
2.1.2试剂 9
2.2实验步骤 9
2.2.1固体酸催化的制备 9
2.2.2季戊四醇双缩苯甲醛的制备 9
2.2.3实验装置 10
3结果与讨论 11
3.1碳化温度对产物产率的影响 11
3.2碳化时间对产物产率的影响 12
3.3核桃壳与浓硫酸的质量比对产物产率的影响 13
3.4磺化温度对产物产率的影响 14
3.5磺化时间对产物产率的影响 15
4产物分析 17
4.1熔点分析 17
4.2红外谱图分析 17
4.3核磁共振谱图分析 18
5结论 19
6致谢 20
参考文献 21