不同形貌Cu@Cu2O的合成及其对微量碘光催化吸附性能研究
毕业论文关键词：不同形貌；Cu@Cu2O；吸附；碘离子；微量III
Title Study on Synthesis of Cu@Cu2O with different morphologies and its Photocatalytic Performance of adsorption properties for microscale iodide
Abstract This paper is through the cupric nitrate of alcohol and formic acid, ammonium hydroxide by hydrothermal synthesis method to synthesis of Cu@Cu2O materials, which by controlling the concentration of ammonium hydroxide to control control the Cu@Cu2O material morphology of and elemental content of Cu, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) characterization of the synthesized Cu@Cu2O materials was carried out. Characterization results show that with increase of ammonium hydroxide, increase the sample is precipitated by elemental copper content and morphology by cauliflower shape gradually become octahedron, dodecahedron shape.The synthesis of Cu@Cu2O materials on sodium iodide as the simulated wastewater by adsorption experiment. Study on the solubility of sodium iodide solution, adsorption time, initial pH value of solution and the interference effects of ions on the adsorption effect. Experimental results showed that the concentration of ammonia 1.30mol/L synthesis Cu@Cu2O materials without illumination conditions in the adsorption effect of sodium iodide solution is best, and better adsorption under acidic conditions, CO32- and NO3- on actual adsorption effect is smaller.
Keywords Different morphology；Cu@Cu2O ；adsorbent；Iodide ion； microscale
目次
1绪论1
1.1碘的来源与危害1
1.2水体中碘的主要去除方法2
1.3新型固体Cu2O吸附剂.4
1.4本课题的研究意义与研究任务5
2Cu@Cu2O材料的制备及表征方法.7
2.1实验仪器与试剂7
2.2Cu@Cu2O材料合成8
2.3材料的表征手段9
3Cu@Cu2O材料的物理结构表征.11
3.1Cu@Cu2O材料的SEM分析11
3.2Cu@Cu2O材料的XRD分析12
3.3本章小结13
4Cu@Cu2O材料对微量碘离子的吸附研究.14
4.1标准曲线的绘制14
4.2材料对溶液中碘离子的吸附研究14
4.3材料的动力学吸附研究16
4.4pH值对碘离子吸附效果影响.21
4.5干扰离子对碘离子吸附效果影响22
4.6本章小结24
5结论25
5.1论文研究结论25
5.2本课题的创新点25
5.2后续研究的建议26
致谢27
参考文献28
1 绪论 1.1 碘的来源与危害 碘元素是人体必需的微量营养元素，在人体内有非常重要的生理功能，参与并广泛地调控着各种生命过程，对于人体的生长发育、新陈代谢、维持和调节体温等生理活动至关重要[1]。但是在人体中，碘元素具有双重作用性，摄入碘元素的量过多或不足都会对人体的健康产生危害。因此，环境和食物中碘含量的监管监控非常重要[2-3]。 碘的放射性核素之一 129I是核污染地下水的主要放射性核素之一，由于它的半衰期相对较长 (1.57×107a)，且在地壳层中的活动性强且很容易在动物及人体甲状腺处富集并参与生理活动，因而其放射性危害得到了广泛的关注和研究[4-5]。为此，科学家们研究了各种天然和人工的屏障材料对放射性碘的吸附条件能力，希望能够找到较为完美的隔离或吸附材料， 达到减弱放射性碘在地壳层中的活动性与富集度，尽量降低甚至消除其造成的危害，保护人类健康和环境安全的目的[6]。