纳米颗粒对几种盐结晶习性影响研究
毕业论文关键词：SiO2纳米颗粒，NH4H2PO4，KNO3，超声分散，结晶习性
Title Studying the effect of nano-particles on the salts crystalline habit
Abstract Adding to the salt solution some substances which make appear differntshapes.Adding SiO2 nano-particles to the NH4H2PO4, KNO3, NaNO3, KAl (SO4) 2,12H2O aqueous solution, and evaporation crystallization. Experimental study on thetemperature of evaporation, solution initial concentration and the concentration of thenano particles which influence crystallization morphology. Experimental results showthat under room temperature with increasing concentration of SiO2 nanoparticles,NH4H2PO4 and KNO3 solution showed a growth with anisotropy.Withincreasing initial concentration of solution and the evaporation temperature and doesnot appear to have too many rules of crystal, but connection between grains cakingserious, high temperature of SiO2 nano particles aggregation serious, effect on thecrystal morphology is not obvious. For KAl(SO4)2`12H2O crystals adding nanoparticles affect crystalline habit. For NaNO3 crystals adding nano-particles onlychange the crystals surface smoothness .
Keywords: SiO2 nano-particles, NH4H2PO4, KNO3, ultrasonic dispersion, evaporationand crystallization, crystal habit
目次
1 绪论. 9
1.1 研究背景.. 9
1.2.1对影响硝酸钾晶体的结晶习性的研究现状..9
1.2.2对磷酸铵盐结晶习性的影响因素研究现状10
1.3 课题提出研究内容及研究意义12
1.3.1 课题的提出12
1.3.2研究内容及研究意义..12
2 实验原理、原料及实验过程.. 12
2.1 实验原理. 12
2.1.1超声细胞粉碎机的原理.12
2.1.2 SEM 分析原理. 13
2.1.3 XRD 分析原理14
2.2 实验.14
2.2.1实验方案的设计. 14
2.2.2 实验所用药品及仪器.14
2.2.3实验步骤..14
3 实验结果与讨论.. 16
3.1 对于 NH4H2PO4晶体样品的表征研究..16
3.1.1 不同浓度二氧化硅对NH4H2PO4结晶习性的影响..16
3.1.2 初始浓度改变对NH4H2PO4结晶习性的影响. 18
3.1.3 蒸发温度的改变对NH4H2PO4结晶习性的影响 18
3.2 对硝酸钾晶体样品的结晶习性的表征分析与讨论.19
3.2.1 不同浓度二氧化硅对硝酸钾结晶习性的影响.19
3.2.2 初始浓度改变对硝酸钾结晶习性的影响20
3.2.3 蒸发温度的改变对硝酸钾结晶习性的影响..21
3.4 不同浓度二氧化硅对钾明矾结晶习性的影响 21
3.5 不同浓度二氧化硅对硝酸钠结晶习性的影响 22
3.6 磷酸二氢铵晶体和硝酸钾晶体 XRD 分析23
3.7 硝酸钾和磷酸二氢铵晶体红外光谱图分析. 24
结 论.. 27