摘要单分散聚苯乙烯微球粒径均匀，在医学和化学等多领域有着非常广泛的应用。本论文采用分散聚合的方法来制备苯乙烯微球，在实验中以苯乙烯（St）为单体，以偶氮二异丁腈（AIBN）为引发剂，以聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）为稳定剂，并在乙醇和水的混合介质中进行反应，最后用透射电镜（TEM）对其进行表征。通过改变反应介质(乙醇/水)的比例、引发剂浓度、分散稳定剂用量、单体浓度、反应温度这5方面因素，观察并分析苯乙烯微球粒径及分布的变化。其结果表明，可以通过改变多个影响因素，制备不同尺寸和粒径分布且分散性较好的微球。同时，通过动力学研究，证明反应时间为6h时单体已基本完成转化。47421

毕业论文关键词：单分散; 分散聚合; 微球; 粒径和分布

Abstract

Monodisperse polystyrene microspheres have a very wide application in many

fields, such as the medicine and the chemistry . This article mainly introduces the method using polymerization to synthesize polystyrene microspheres, and in this experiment we add the materials in one time. we use the styrene (St) as the monomer, the Azo-bis-isobutyronitrile (AIBN) as the initiator, the poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) as a stabilizer, anhydrous ethanol and Distilled water as the dispersion medium. Besides, we use the transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to characterize the microspheres. By changing the reaction medium (ethanol/water), initiator concentration, the proportion of the dispersion stabilizer dosage, monomer concentration, reaction temperature, this five factors, we observe and analysis the change of styrene microspheres particle size and distribution. The result shows that we can synthetic different size and Monodisperse polystyrene microspheres by changing of many factors. At the same time, through the dynamics research, We can  draw the conclusion that when the reaction time is 6h, the monomers have been basically completed the reaction.

KEY WORDS: Monodisperse; Dispersion polymerization; Microspheres; Particle size and distribution

目    录

单分散聚苯乙烯微球的合成与表征 i

1 前言 1

1.1聚苯乙烯微球概述 1

1.1.1研究背景 1

1.1.2国内研究现状 1

1.1.3应用 2

1.2 制备聚合物微球的聚合方法 2

1.2.1直接聚合 2

1.2.2接枝法 3

2. 实验部分 4

2.1主要仪器与试剂 4

2.1.1仪器 4

2.1.2试剂 4

2.2实验步骤 5

2.2.1合成路线 5

2.2.2 苯乙烯单体的制备及分离 5

2.3 粒径表征和粒径统计 5

3.结果与讨论 6

3 . 1 反应介质(乙醇/水)的比例 6

3 . 2 引发剂浓度 8

    3 . 3 分散稳定剂用量 10

3 . 4 单体浓度 12

3 . 5 反应温度 14

3 . 6 动力学研究 16

4结论与展望 18