摘要本研究课题利用改性活性炭作为吸附剂处理含磷废水，以降低废水中的磷含 量。实验用氯化镧和氯化铁这两种溶液改性活性炭，考察不同浓度改性剂的改性 效果。同时分别研究了吸附剂投加量、磷溶液初始 pH 值、吸附时间、吸附温度、 磷溶液初始浓度等因素对改性活性炭的吸附效果的影响。83161

研究结果表明：用氯化镧和氯化铁改性之后的活性炭对磷的吸附性能大大提 高，当投加量为 0。7g/100mL，处理浓度为 10mg/L 含磷废水时，其吸附效果从约 48。8%分别提高到 90。8%和 88。2%，提高了 40%左右。因素影响实验结果发现，磷 去除率随着改性吸附剂投加量的增加而提高，当投加量为 0。7g/100mL 时，磷去 除率最高；初始含磷废水 pH 值对磷去除率影响很大，酸碱性条件下，磷去除率 较低，中性条件下磷去除率最高,去除率可达 88。2%和 90。8%；吸附温度对磷去除 率影响不大；磷去除率随吸附时间的延长而不断提高，当吸附时间达 30min 时， 磷去除率随着时间的延长基本不再提高。

对改性后的活性炭的吸附结果用 Langmuir 和 Freundlish 等温方程进行拟 合，结果发现氯化镧和氯化铁改性的活性炭对磷的吸附符合 Freundlish 模型， 其 R²值分别为 0。9931 和 0。9891。

毕业论文关键字：含磷废水；改性；吸附剂；活性炭

Abstract This study using modified activated carbon as adsorbent phosphorus wastewater treatment, to reduce the phosphorus content in the wastewater。 Experiment with lanthanum chloride and ferric chloride both solution of modified activated carbon, modified effects of different concentration of modifier。 At the same time, respectively to study the initial adsorbent additive amount, phosphorus solution pH value, adsorption time, adsorption temperature and the initial concentration of phosphorus solution on the modified activated carbon adsorption effect。 The research results show that the use of lanthanum chloride and ferric chloride modified after activated carbon adsorption of phosphorus is greatly increased, when the additive quantity is 0。7g/100 ml, concentration of 10mg/L phosphorus wastewater treatment, the adsorption effect from about 48。8% to 90。8% and 48。8% respectively, increased by 40% or so。 Factors influence the results found that the phosphorus removal rate increased with the increase of modified adsorbent additive quantity increase, when the additive amount of 0。7g/100ml, the phosphorus removal efficiency。 Initial pH value had a great influence on phosphorus removal phosphorus wastewater, acid and alkaline conditions, the phosphorus removal rate is low, under the condition of neutral phosphorus removal rate is highest, removal rate can reach 88。2% and 90。8%; Adsorption temperature had a little effects on phosphorus removal rate; Phosphorus removal rate with increased with the extension of adsorption time, when the adsorption time is about 30 min, basic no longer improve phosphorus removal rate over time。 Of modified activated carbon adsorption results using the Langmuir Freundlish isothermal equation and fitting, and the results showed that lanthanum chloride and ferric chloride modified activated carbon adsorption of phosphorus in line with the model of Freundlish, its R squared value of 0。9931 and 0。9891 respectively。

Key words: Modified; Adsorbent; Phosphorus wastewater; Activated carbon

目 录

第一章 绪论 1

1。1 我国含磷废水处理现状及研究进展 1

1。1。1 水体富营养化与危害 1

1。1。2 水体富营养化成因 2

1。1。3 含磷废水处理研究进展