摘要：箭外弹道的计算与研究是武器发射过程中至关重要的一个环节，外弹道计算的准 确与否很大程度上决定了火箭发射、打击的精确度和准确度。而火箭外弹道的计算主要 涉及两个方面的计算：空气动力参数计算和飞行弹道计算。本文就以 122mm 杀爆火箭 弹为载体，分别从理论上先行推导了空气动力各个系数参量的计算方法以及刚体六自由 度弹道的计算方法。再根据 122mm 火箭弹的弹形数据，计算出其在不同攻角和马赫数 下八个空气动力参数系数。最后通过 MATLAB，建立刚体弹道模型，考虑风、推力偏 心、动不平衡等扰动因素的影响，计算得到火箭弹一系列的飞行参数。

本文的研究工作，一方面巩固融合了笔者本科所学的专业知识，另一方面为弹道研 究的初学者提供一个理论和实际算例上的借鉴。

关键词 122mm 火箭弹 质点弹道 刚体弹道 空气动力学

毕业设计说明书外文摘要 

Title A study of six-degrees of freedom trajectory characteristics of 122mm rocket fire

Abstract：The calculation of exterior ballistics of rocket fire is a crucial link in the process of weapon launching. The accuracy of the exterior ballistic trajectory, to a great extent, determines the accuracy of rocket fire’s launching and hitting ability. The calculation of exterior ballistics of rocket fire mainly involves two aspects: calculation of aerodynamic parameters and calculation of flight trajectory. In this study, the methods of aerodynamic coefficients calculation and the methods of rigid body trajectory are derived theoretically, based on 122mm rocket fire. Then, according to the shape parameters of 122mm rocket fire, the coefficients of eight aerodynamic parameters at different angles of attack and Maher number are calculated. Finally, a rigid body trajectory model is established by using MATLAB. Considering the influences of disturbance factors such as wind, thrust eccentricity and dynamic unbalance, a series of parameters of rocket projectile are obtained.

The research work of this paper, on the one hand, consolidates and integrates the professional knowledge of what the author has learnt during undergraduate study, and on the other hand, provides a theoretical and practical reference for the beginners of ballistic research in future.

Keywords rocket fire particle trajectory rigid body trajectory aerodynamic

目 次

1 绪论 1

1.1 研究背景及意义 1

1.2 国内外气动力及外弹道研究历程 1

1.2.1 外弹道研究历程 1

1.2.2 气动力研究历程 2

1.3 122mm 火箭弹基本介绍 2

1.4 主要研究内容 3

2 基本参量 4

2.1 弹形弹体参数 4