超宽带雷达信号多普勒色散分析和补偿方法研究
关键词：UWB雷达，回波模型，多普勒色散，多普勒色散积，距离-多普勒耦合，匹配滤波，色散补偿
Title Ultra-Wide Band (UWB) radar Doppler dispersion
analysis and compensation method
Abstract
Ultra-Wide Band (UWB) radar possesses a very broad application prospect
in the fields of target identification and imaging, etc., since the radar
usually has outstanding performance of range resolution. However, the
Doppler frequency of UWB radar target with constant radial velocity varies
with the frequencies of UWB signal, i.e. Doppler dispersion phenomenon.
This phenomenon becomes more prominent than narrow band radar, and makes
it difficult to estimate velocity of moving target for UWB radar by using
the conventional signal processing methods suitable for narrow radar.
Besides, for moving target with radial velocity, the modulation UWB
signals, such as multi-carrier frequency and linear frequency modulation
(LFM), etc., have range-Doppler coupling, which causes that the range
profile moves and spreads seriously along range dimension. It is found that
the capability of high range resolution of UWB radar is greatly restricted.
This thesis focuses on target detection of range and velocity profiles for
UWB radar, including: Ultra-Wide Band radar target motion doppler
dispersion characteristics, requiring a theoretical expression；
Ultra-Wide Band Radar doppler dispersion has what influence on the
performance of the radar signal processing; Doppler dispersion
compensation and focused methods.
Keywords UWB radar, echo model, Doppler dispersion, Doppler dispersion
product, range-doppler coupling, matched filtering, dispersion
compensation
目 次
1 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景及意义 1
1.2 研究动态和发展现状 2
1.3 论文的主要工作及组织结构 5
2 UWB雷达多普勒色散特征 7
2.1 引言 7
2.2 UWB雷达回波模型 7
2.3 多普勒色散特征. 13
2.4 本章小结. 20
3 LFM UWB 雷达目标距离估计及速度补偿 . 21
3.1 引言. 21
3.2 二文 FFT处理. 21
3.3 距离-多普勒耦合 26
3.4 速度补偿. 27
3.5 本章小结. 29
结论. 30
致 谢. 31
参考文献. 32 1 绪论
1.1 研究背景及意义
德国物理学家 Heinrich Hertz 于1885~1888 年间，通过实验首次验证了英国
物理学家James Clerk Maxwell 于1864年提出的电磁场理论，并发现无线电波可
被金属物体反射。这为雷达(Radio Detection and Ranging, Radar)的发展奠定了理
论基础。自 20 世纪初，特别是第二次世界大战以来，雷达引起美、德、苏、英
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