摘要本文研究的基于线激光扫描的三维重建系统是通过三维测量技术获取被测场景的三 维轮廓信息，并将其以点云的形式进行处理和显示。系统是以三角测量法为基础进行测 量获取物点三维坐标，主要结构包括 CCD 相机、激光器、旋转平台和计算机。本文以系 统的关键技术为主线对基于线激光扫描的三维重建系统的整体进行了详细的研究，同时 又对该系统的硬件结构和软件处理部分分别进行了细化讨论。总结来说，不仅详细介绍 了基于线激光扫描三维重建系统的原理，同时通过对图像处理算法的学习和改进，提出 了基于可变阈值的线激光特征提取算法，最后进行了标定实验和重建实验实现了对场景 形貌的三维恢复和点云显示。77740

毕业论文关键词 线激光扫描 三维测量 特征提取 三维点云

外 文 摘 要Title The research and design of optical three-dimensional measurement system

Abstract This paper deals with 3D reconstruction system based on laser scanning line which collects the shape infomation of the object and displays them as the cloud points。 The measurement of the system is based on the triangulation method。 And the system consists of CCD camera, laser, rotating platform and PC。 This paper focus on the key technology of the 3D reconstruction system for a overall detailed study, while the part of the hardware and software processing are further discussed seperately as well。 Not only was the principle of the system introduced, but also the image processing algorithms was improved in this study。 A new method was propsoed to extract the features based on variable threshold, and we finally realized the display of the 3D cloud points of the scene through the calibration and reconsruction experiments。

Keywords Laser scanning line 3D measurement feature extraction 3D cloud points

目 录

1 引言 1

1。1 国内外研究现状 2

1。2 背景及应用 4

1。3 研究内容 5

2 三维重建的关键技术 6

2。1 系统标定 6

2。2 图像获取 11

2。3 特征提取 11

2。4 三维信息恢复及后期处理 13

2。5 小结 13

3 系统结构及标定 14

3。1 线激光器 14

3。2 CCD 相机 14

3。3 系统的标定 15

3。4 小结 16

4 图像处理 17

4。1