试论古顿国的历史变迁+文献综述
关键词：顿国； 历史变迁；古顿国遗迹
Try to discuss about Historical changes of the Ancient Dun State
Abstract: The Ancient Dun State enfeoffed by King Wu in the Western Dynasty after he wiped out the Shang Dynasty in the upstream of Huai River, is a small vassal state under the system of enfeoffment lasting for morigerate than five hundred years. Through building, the Ancient Dun State, reduced to a State of dependency, and the final demise of Chu to study this process of historical change and the Ancient Dun State’s site describes, discusses the Ancient Dun State changes of more than five hundred years of history.In the later Spring and Autumn period because of its weak national strength and oppression from Chen State,Dun State had no alternative to ally with Chu State and re-governed its state moving to the south with the help of Chu State in 635 BC,so called NanDun State .And then it was completely reducing to Chu State's vassal,even destroyed and incorporated by Chu State.To arrive at Historical changes of the Ancient Dun State is an epitome for the political,economic and social development from the Western Zhou Dynasty to the Spring and Autumn period, as well as witnessing the dramatical changes for that period of time from another aspect.
Keywords:The Ancient Dun State ; Historical change; The Ancient Dun State 's historical relics
目 录
摘 要 1
Abstract 1
一、古顿国的建立 2
二、古顿国的南迁 3
三、古顿国沦为楚国附庸 5
四、古顿国的遗迹 5
参考文献：..8
致谢 9
试论古顿国的历史变迁
前言
顿国是公元前1046年周武王灭商后，在淮水中上游分封的周朝同姓亲族诸侯国之一。按照周朝的封建官制，“王者之制禄者，公、侯、伯、子、男，凡五等”（《礼记•王制》），位列子爵。故顿国国君在史料记载中称被为“顿子”，这表明顿国为第四等小国。顿子建国后，因国力弱小，不断受到北方陈人的威胁，为求得生存，不得不投靠楚国，后在楚国帮助下南迁。顿国初分封在淮水中上游，也就是今天的河南省商水县平店乡李岗村附近，称为北顿；后南迁至今项城市南顿镇，称南顿。在春秋后期由于战争纷乱，顿国不堪楚人驱使，转投晋国，最终在公元前496年终被楚陈联军所灭，其地尽归楚人所有。因顿国爵低疆狭，民寡势弱，故文献记载较少，考古资料也很有限。目前史学界对古顿国历史变迁的研究尚少。笔者在前人研究成果的基础上，并综合历史文献和考古资料，试对古顿国的历史变迁作粗浅的探讨。
一、古顿国的建立
公元前1046年周武王灭商后，为震慑商民旧族，加强王室权力巩固其统治，实行了分封制，“封建亲戚，以蕃屏周”，也就是将同姓贵族分封到各地做诸侯，以达到拱卫王室的目的。《左传•昭公二十八年》曰：“昔武王克商，光有天下，其兄弟之国者十有五人，姬姓之国者四十人。”《春秋左传•定公四年》曰：“昔武王克商，成王定之，选建明德，以蕃屏周。”《荀子•儒效》亦云：“周公……兼制天下，立七十一国，姬姓独居五十三人焉。”又云：“周之子孙，若不狂惑者，莫不为天下显诸侯。”
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