语用学视角下的汉语网络用语发展趋势研究(2)
1.2 Research Methodology
The key part of this article is analysis of cyber-speak on pragmatics. Because of the rapid speed of update and development of the Internet, cyber-speak selected in this article is from many resources such as websites, online chat rooms, BBS, post bar and so on. In a sense, this paper choose the latest cyber-speak as the research objects, which means the latest change of society in recent years can also be seen. Besides, it is known that pragmatics has been a independent discipline and it contains many theories and principles. However, this paper adopts two of the principles to carries out the research: Cooperative principle and politeness principles. Furthermore, research of the cyber-speak in this article also adopts the theory of Jenny Thomas (2010). He defined pragmatics as a research on meaning in interaction, which shows that it not only refers to lexical aspect or simple meaning expressed by one side(speaker or listener),but also study the dynamic communication process. By collecting different cyber-speak, Jenny Thomas pided existed pragmatics research into two different approaches: Social approach-- Studying the speaker meaning; Cognitive approach— Studying the utterance meaning. But both of the researches have obvious drawbacks. Finally, Thomas saw words from three aspects: Abstract meaning---the probable meaning of words or phrase such as dictionary meaning, Contextual meaning(utterance meaning)---the combination of words and context; Force---the intention. In a word, the selected cyber-speak will be discussed both literally and pragmatically.
2 Literature Review
In recent ten years, number of articles about cyber-speak is increasing sharply, which means more and more experts and scholars are paying attention to cyber-speak. The specific review is following combined with bibliography:
In language and Internet by Crystal (2000), he defines cyber-speak broadly—a medium used in all kind of network environment and reflecting unique features of network. He thinks that the employment of language is a process of struggling with influence frequently, consciously or unconsciously. Simply speaking, the use of language is a process of language functioning. Language users choose different language according to needs to get their intention. Similarly, netizens, because of features of network and strangeness of both sides, chat with others with cyber-speak in a different way. Communication in this case is affected by many uncertain factors, which lead to the change and development of cyber-speak. On the contrary, research of cyber-speak does good to grasp the change of society. The theory gets wide spread afterwards.
Blakemore (1992) carries out his research in Understanding Utterances on the basis of relevance theory put forward by Sperber and Wilson (1995) and it is used to analyze the key problems and phenomenon in pragmatics. Sociolinguistics by Hudson (2000) sets up a theoretic frame for the study of theoretical linguistics, which makes it possible that many research achievements can be connected with relative language structure.
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