美国文化价值观对其对外政策的影响
KeyWords: cultural values, interventionism, adversary tracking, impetus
摘要本文研究美国文化价值观对其对外政策的影响，以对外干涉行为为例。第一，为了进行后续研究，文章对三种价值观简要阐释。第二，以官僚政治模式为视角，论证在美国政治制度下，文化价值观必对外交政策有影响，从而对作为外交政策行为的对外干涉有影响。第三，选取三种文化价值观作为自变量，对外干涉为因变量，探讨其相互关系。该部分以两步理论化展开：以民主制度和人权的理解，搜索异者；再由基督教天命论为动力，采取对外干涉以达到改变异者之目的。下一部分，文章以两个实例，波黑战争和伊拉克战争，从实证角度来证实文化价值观对对外干涉行为的影响。总之，本文探讨这三种属自由主义的文化价值观对对外干涉的影响。
毕业论文关键词：文化价值观，对外干涉，寻找异者，动力
CONTENTS
Acknowledgmentsi
Abstract.ii
摘要iii
1 Introduction. 1
2 Overview of American Cultural Values Utilized in the Study. 3
2.1 Democracy and Human Rights. 3
2.2 Manifest Destiny. 4
3 Causality between American Cultural Values and Interventionism. 6
3.1 Culture as a Causal Factor on Agents’ Behavior 6
3.2American Values as a Cause for Interventionism. 6
4 Effects of American Values on Interventionism 10
4.1Adversary-Tracking 10
4.2 Impetus. 11
5 Examples of Effects of American Cultural Values on Interventionism 13
5.1 the Bosnian War 13
5.2 the IraqWar. 15
6 Conclusion 19
Bibliography 20
1 IntroductionMany factors contribute to the foreign policy of any international agent. The same goes tointerventionism as a kind of foreign policy behavior. Since the rise of constructivism, the study ofculture’s effects on agents and their behavior have been phenomenal in International Relations.Now, what contributes more to the behavior of an agent-whether it is states’ power, internationalinstitution, or culture, remains debated. But doubtless is that cultural factors have been emphasized,in analyzing agents’ behavior.Prof. Wittkopf, Kegley, and Scott, illustrate in American Foreign Policy: Pattern and Processcomprehensively: “five foreign policy sources that collectively influence decisions about foreignpolicy goals and the means chosen to realize them: the external (global) environment, the societalenvironment of the nation, the governmental setting in which policy making occurs, the rolesoccupied by policy makers, and the inpidual characteristics of foreign policy-making elites”(2003:II). The book is a comprehensive illustration of American foreign policy’s pattern andprocess, in which it illustrates the effects of cultural values. Yet, many scholars explore furtherabout each factor’s influence. Prof. Zhou compiled The U.S. Foreign Policy-Making Process,which reads the US foreign policy making from a bureaucratic perspective. In the book, the authorsanalyze American foreign policy making process based on the bureaucratic politics model. Theystudy the functions of the Presidency, Department of State, Congress, public opinion etc. in makingforeign policies.