从思维模式看中西方文化差异
Abstract
Under different cultural backgrounds, people have different thought patterns. The difference of thought patterns is an important factor that leads to the barriers in Chinese and Western cultural communication. The paper firstly makes a comparative analysis of Chinese and Western thought patterns, specifying the four different types. They are subjective and objective, synthesis and analysis, spiral and linear, and formal logic and dialectical logic. Then it explores the cultural causes of thought pattern differences and proposes some solutions to overcome the obstacles in cross-cultural communication, so that people can deeply understand Chinese and Western culture and can also improves the efficiency of cross-cultural communication.
Key words: thought pattern; Chinese and Western culture; differences; cross-cultural communicationContents
摘 要 i
Abstract ii
I. Introduction 1
II. Comparison on Chinese and Western Thought Patterns 2
2.1 Subjective and Objective 2
2.2 Synthesis and Analysis 3
2.3 Spiral and Linear 4
2.4 Formal Logic and Dialectical Logic 5
III. Cultural Factors Leading to Sino-Western Thought Pattern Differences 7
3.1 Religions and Philosophies 7
3.2 Historical Changes 9
3.2.1 Economy 9
3.2.2 Social Structure 10
3.2.3 Education 11
IV. Solutions to Cultural Barriers in Sino-Western Cultural Communication 12
4.1 Enhancing Mutual Understandings on Sino-Western Thought Patterns 12
4.2 Strengthening Sino-Western Educational Communication 13
V. Conclusion 14
Bibliography 16
Acknowledgements 17
On Cultural Differences Between China and the West Through Thought Patterns
I. Introduction
Thought pattern is an important factor to formulate and develop culture, the relatively stable cultural consolidation in the progress of the history of one nation. The differences in thought patterns will bring different expressions and forms in language and culture. Communicative barriers contribute to cultural conflicts. To gain the understandings of different cultures, thought patterns should be taken into consideration.
An obvious distinction of thought patterns on the language level put forward by Kaplan R, is Chinese spirality and Western linearity. His study brought the research on cultural differences over the world into a new field. Since only the studies on thought patterns could explain and further explore the cultural differences between China and the West. However, the most important mission of thought patterns researches is to guide people who live in different places to communicate appropriately and make cultural exchanges enhanced.
Main differences of Sino-Western thought patterns are subjective and objective, synthesis and analysis, spiral and linear, formal logic and dialectical logic. In Chinese culture, manners are hierarchical to maintain the social status of each member while Western people regard manners as an instrument to strengthen the order of the society. This could be examined through different thought patterns. Chinese have a tendency to believe the world or the whole community where they live is originated from two balanced power which was called yin-yang theory. Anything should not break the balance. Thus architectures in China are always harmonious with nature. But people in the West have a dialectical logic in their minds. This could be also seen through their designs of the buildings. The Leaning Tower of Pica, the Eiffel Tower in Paris reflects human grave and imaginative thoughts. If the minds behind are neglected when it comes to the communications, it will cause cultural conflicts.
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