跨文化交际视角下的对外汉语教学(2)
4.2.2 Cross-cultural Communicative Ability of Learners of Chinese as a Foreign Language.22
4.3 Development of Cross-cultural Communicative Ability of Students.23
5 Conclusion26
Bibliography27
1 Introduction
The globalization has generated profound conditions for international communication and cultural exchanges. In recent years, as the frequency between the Chinese and Western intercultural activities, Chinese is increasingly gaining popularity in the world. An increasing number of people like Chinese and make efforts to learn Chinese.
Teaching Chinese as a foreign language (TCFL) is the necessary and extremely important driving force to China’s reform and opening-up policy. Fostering and enhancing TCFL is a significant effort of popularizing Chinese language and culture throughout the world, strengthening the friendship and mutual understanding, encouraging the economic cooperation and exchanges between China and other countries in the world, and promoting China’s influence in the international view. This subject established in 1978, it has been extended to recent time. TCFL has developed rapidly as a specialized subject. Since 1983, Beijing Language and Culture University(formerly Beijing Language College), Beijing Foreign Studies University, Shanghai Foreign Studies University, and East China Normal University successively offered bachelor degree programs of TCFL, aimed at training professional TCFL teachers. Some higher education institutions began to recruit students for master degree programs of TCFL. In 1999, with the approval of the State Council, the first doctoral program of TCFL was set up in Beijing Language and Culture University. The Society of TCFL of China, established in 1988, has 1142 members and 5 branch societies. It has held 5 national seminars up to 1999. In the field of TCFL, more than 400 textbooks of various kinds and levels have been compiled, several hundred scientific research programs completed, 3 teaching syllabuses of bachelor program of the Chinese language major, for both long-term and short-term programs for foreign students formulated, a series of professional journals established, professional research institutions and publishing houses set up, and seminar of different types held TCFL as a specialized subject has been developing in a scientific and standardized way. Thanks to the proper guiding principles and policies made by government, TCFL has got suitable environment and flouring development. Certainly, with the development of TCFL, the demand of Chinese teacher for foreigners is unprecedented.
The current situations of TCFL have the same good trend in China and foreign country. Domestically, the most high quality teachers are working at colleges and universities. At the beginning, there are only a few universities undertook teaching assignments. After 80s’, dimensions and areas of TCFL were continuously expanding and gradually shaped a teaching pattern which centered around Beijing Language and Culture University and took Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Nanjing, Guangzhou as the main teaching bases. Up to now, there are over 330 colleges offering TCFL courses in China, and about 40,000 foreign students begin to learn Chinese every year. There are TCFL courses of various types and levels, and a systematic teaching series of TCFL have been completed. There are almost 5,000 teachers of TCFL in China. In order to ensure the quality of the TCFL teachers, the teacher qualification certification system of TCFL was established in 1990. More than 2,000 teachers have attained the certificate. In the past 50 years, with the rising international position of China, more and more foreigners choose to learn Chinese. Especially in the recent decade, TCFL has been more and more popular in many countries and regions. But, the teaching methods of teachers cannot completely satisfy the demands of the market. Through the educational progress, colleges and universities are desirous to restructure. However, the transition is a long and painful progress. This little problem cannot prevent foreigners’ enthusiasm to learn Chinese. Then, TCFL has been presented and established as a specialization. That became an internal motivation for the development of TCFL. From then on, TCFL enters a new vigorous stage. Over the past 20 years, with the rapid development of nation’s economy and the further enhancing of nation’s position, TCFL has experienced unprecedented progress of development.
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