摘    要：自我控制在人们的日常生活中扮演着重要的角色，良好的自我控制能帮助我们更好地学习生活，也能使社会更加和谐稳定。在自我控制损耗的研究中发现，个体经过对他人自我控制的心理模拟也会消耗相应的自我控制资源，造成自我控制能力的下降。此外，不同的心理距离也会造成不同的自我控制结果。因此我们猜测，不同心理距离的心理模拟会对自我控制造成不同的影响。通过自我控制相关的心理模拟、BMIS量表、自我损耗问卷的施测以及完成Stroop任务的结果分析，本次实验最后发现个体能感知到自身进行有关自我控制的心理模拟后的疲惫感,但实际上自我控制能力在进行自我控制相关心理模拟后没有明显的下降。不同社会距离对个体自我控制资源的损耗情况的影响还需进一步实验与探究。

Self-Control plays an important role in people's daily life. Successful self-control can help us to study and live better. And it can also make society more harmonious and stable. The research about the ego-depletion found that people will deplete the corresponding self-control resources when they only mentally simulate the process of others’ self-control behaviors, and hence resulting decline performance in a subsequent self-control task. In addition, different psychological distances can also relate to different self-control results. Therefore, we hypothesize that when people mentally simulate the process of self-control from the first-person’s perspective or the third-person’s perspective, they will consume different self-control strength. Experiment was designed to examine the proposition. Results showed that inpiduals would experience the mental fatigue of self-control after mental simulation, but there was no significant decrease in their self-control performance. And the influence of different social distances on the depletion of inpidual self-control resources needs further examination.

关键词：自我控制；能量损耗；心理模拟；心理距离

Keywords: self-control； ego depletion; mental simulation；psychological distance

目    录

1引言 4

1.1 自我控制的能量模型 4

1.2 心理模拟 4

1.3 心理模拟与自我控制的关系 5

1.4问题提出与研究假设 5

1.4.1问题提出 5

1.4.2研究目的与假设 6

2研究方法 7

2.1被试 7

2.2材料 7

2.2.1 供被试阅读的故事材料 7

2.2.2 Stroop任务 8

2.2.3 简式心境内省量表（简称BMIS） 8

2.2.4 自我损耗问卷 8

2.3 程序 8

3 结果 8

3.1 描述性统计 8

3.2 各人口变量差异分析 9

3.3 心理模拟的操纵检验 10

3.4 三组被试在心境状态上的比较 10

3.5 三组被试Stroop任务成绩的比较 10

4讨论 11

4.1 自身执行自我控制的心理模拟对自我控制能量资源的影响