摘要：氰根离子对人体有极大的危害，它对人体的血管、呼吸道、心脏、中枢神经系统、内分泌系统和代谢系统等正常生理功能都会产生很大的影响。更有甚者，氰化物盐具有很强的残留性，且氰化物盐在电镀、塑料的制造、金银萃取、冶金、制革中都有很大的应用，所以氰化物盐会对环境造成不可估量的危害。因此，对生活中氰根离子的检测受到了人们的普遍关注。47259

化学传感器与传统的精密仪器检测阴离子相比，具有操作简单、方便、高效，成本低、可裸眼检测等优点，引起了研究者的广泛兴趣。在此基础上我们发展了潜在分子内溴氢键调控的萘酰亚胺阴离子受体作为氰根离子检测的探针3-Br。通过光谱实验研究，结果表明探针3-Br在氰根离子作用下，通过分子间CN…H-C氢键进而激活分子内的Br…H-C氢键，得到具有半刚性结构的复合物, 使得整个分子的共轭平面增大，最终引起了溶液的吸收光谱发生变化。从而实现了对氰根离子高效的选择性。

毕业论文关键词：阴离子识别， 氰根离子，荧光探针，萘酐

Selective colorimetric and “turn on” fluorescent chemosensor based on latent intramoleclar hydrogen halogen bonding for cyanide detection

Abstract：The cyanide ions is extremely toxic to the human body, the normal physiological function will have a huge impact, such as vascular, respiratory, central nervous system, heart, endocrine system, metabolic system and so on. Moreover, the use of cyanide salt has remained widespread, meanwhile cyanide salts in electroplating, plastics manufacturing, gold and silver extraction, metallurgy, tanning has great application, so cyanide salt on the environment will cause great hazards. Therefore, the detection of cyanide ions has been widespread concern in life.

Compared with traditional precision instruments detected anion, chemical sensors are simple, convenient, efficient, low cost, the naked eye can detect, etc. it attracted wide interest. So we have developed the chemosensor based on latent intramolecular hydrogen halogen bonding for cyanide detection. Through spectroscopy study, results show that the probe 3-Br in the cyanide ions, via intermolecular CN…H-C hydrogen bond activate the Br…H-C intramolecular hydrogen bond, to obtain compounds having a semi-rigid structure, such that increases whole molecule conjugate plane, eventually causing a change in the absorption spectrum of the solution. Ultimately selective and efficient for cyanide ions.

Keywords：Anion recognition, cyanide ion, a fluorescent probe, naphthalene anhydride

 目录

1前言 1

1.1课题来源及背景 1

1.2荧光探针常见机理简介 2

2文献综述与方案论证 5

2.1文献综述 5

2.1.1氢键作用型氰根离子传感器 5

2.1.2脱质子型氰根离子传感器 5

2.1.3加成反应型氰根离子传感器 6

2.1.4 基于配位作用型的氰根离子传感器 9

2.1.5基于纳米技术的氰根离子传感器 10

2.1.6 基于其他机理的传感器 11

2.2方案论证 12

3实验部分 14

3.1试剂,仪器及反应装置 14

3.1.1试剂 14

3.1.2仪器 16