摘要船闸水位实时监测是船闸安全与自动化运行的一项关键内容，精确稳定的水位信息传送能使船闸管理者的工作高效化，也便于船民及时抓住过闸时机。而目前多数船闸自动化水平有限，水位监测工作甚至依靠人工方式，效率和准确度较低，不利于船闸的高效运行和经济发展。本文针对船闸站多点水位实时测量及其发布的需求，设计了基于高性能单片机STC89C52RC的多通道水位监测及短消息人机交互系统。利用压力式水位传感器对船闸上、下游的水位进行实时采集，经单片机数据处理后，在一块LCD显示屏上呈现，并通过RS485总线传送至上位机。上位机操作界面基于VB6.0进行设计，采用GSM模块以短消息方式与指定手机用户群进行水位信息的双向交互。调试表明，本系统总体方案合理、软硬件工作可靠、运行成本低廉，各项功能达到预期目标。50781

毕业论文关键词：水位采集；单片机；GSM短消息；双向交互

Abstract The real-time monitoring of water level is a key element for the security and automation of ship lock. The accurate and stable water monitoring data makes the work of administrators more efficient, also it is convenient for boat people to get the best time to go through the chip lock. At present, most of the ship lock work in low level of automation , and water level monitoring is even done by artificial means, that is short of efficiency and accuracy ,and is not conducive to the efficient operation and economic development. For the needs of multipoint real time measurement of water level and its publishing of ship lock station, we design a multi-channel level monitoring and SMS for interactive systems based on high-performance MCU STC89C52RC. We acquire multipoint real time water level data of upstream, downstream lock chamber acquisition by using pressure water level sensor, then display on a LCD screen and transmit it to the host computer through the RS485 bus after been processed by the microprocessor. Host computer interface design based on VB6.0, and complete the two-way interaction of water level information by using GSM module with short messages to cell phone users. Debugging shows that: overall scheme of the system is reasonable, hardware and software works well, low running costs ,it fully meet the requirements of the expected targets.

Key words: water level data acquisition; MCU; GSM short message; bi-directional interaction

目  录

第一章 绪论 1

1.1 研究背景及意义 1

1.2研究现状和存在的问题 1

1.3 本文的主要内容 2

第二章 系统设计 4

2.1 设计任务要求 4

2.1.1 设计任务 4

2.1.2 设计要求及难点分析 4

2.2 方案的选择与分析 4

2.2.1 总体设计方案 4

2.2.3 系统原理框图 11

2.3 系统的软件设计 12

2.3.1 软件运行流程图 12

第三章 系统的硬件电路设计 13

3.1水位传感器基本原理 13

3.2 电源转换电路 14

3.3 单片机最小系统设计 15

3.4 信号处理电路 16

3.4.1 I/V转换电路 16

3.4.2 A/D转换电路