摘要当今社会虚拟化和信息化正在成为一种发展趋势，而传统的仪器在数据采集、传 输和处理等方面遇到了很多的瓶颈，因此我们需要一个更加信息化和自动化的生产和 实验工具。而虚拟仪器应运而生，它提出了“软件即硬件”的概念，虚拟仪器可以通 过计算机硬件和软件相结合的方式来模拟实际工业生产和实践环节，它通过把实际物 理仪器的虚拟化来实现真正的信息化和自动化。

本文是以美国国家仪器公司(National Instruments Corp，简称 NI)公司的 Labview 软件为编程平台，设计了一种液位 PID 控制实验装置，该装置通过控制水泵 转速来达到控制单容水箱液位的目的。首先在大量的相关文献检索基础上，对单容水 箱液位控制系统的工作原理进行了深入的研究，并对其控制要求进行了细致的分析。 其次根据控制要求，设计了一套整体方案。其次我们对整个系统所需要的硬件进行选 型，筛选出符合设计要求的硬件，包括数据采集卡、电脑等。然后进行了软件设计： 控制流程图、程序框图、软件界面等并对软件实行测试。最后我们进行软硬件联调， 我们把电脑软件通过 NI USB-6009 数据采集卡与实验对象天煌 THBDY-1 单容水箱液位 对象相连，实现对液位的实时控制，实现整个设计要求。83578

毕业论文关键字：液位控制，虚拟仪器，USB-6009，PID

Abstract In today's society, virtualization and information is becoming a trend, and traditional instruments in terms of data acquisition, data transmission and data processing met a lot of bottleneck, so we need a more information and automation of the production and experim ental tools。 And virtual instrument came into being, it is proposed that "the software is the hardware" concept, virtual instrument can be through a combination of computer hardware and software methods to simulate the actual industrial production and practice link, it through the virtualization of physical equipment to achieve truly informatization and automation。

The design needs to use the software and hardware and software program is on the LabVIEW platform through modular programming principle for the preparation, design program mainly includes two modules, a data acquisition and output sub VI, another is PID control sub VI。 In the hardware according to the design requirements of the NI USB-6009 data acquisition card, and the object is Tianhuang THBDY-1 type single capacity watertank liquid level object。

We have good LabVIEW level program written by NI USB-6009 data acquisition card and the experimental object Tianhuang THBDY-1 type single capacity water tank liquid level connected and set the corresponding parameters in the front panel of the program to start the program of the whole system can be up and running by the software and hardware system we hope to achieve the level of real-time control, the experimental liquid level is maintained in a stable range。

Key words: liquid level control；virtual instrument；USB-6009；PID

目录

第一章 绪论 18

1。1 引言 18

1。2 课题背景 18

1。2。1 虚拟仪器技术的国内外发展现状 18

1。2。2 虚拟仪器技术特点 19

1。2。3 虚拟仪器技术应用 20

1。3 虚拟仪器的开发软件 21

1。3。1 虚拟仪器的软件结构 21

1。3。2 虚拟仪器的开发平台