机械手英文文献和中文翻译(2)
Why would a machine hand designed to provide a pneumatic power: pneumatic machine hand refers to the compressed air as power source-driven machine hand. With pressure-driven and other energy-driven comparison have the following advantages:
(1) Air inexhaustible, used later discharged into the atmosphere, does not require recycling and disposal, do not pollute the environment. (Concept of environmental protection)
(2) Air stick is small, the pipeline pressure loss is small (typically less than asphalt gas path pressure drop of one-thousandth), to facilitate long-distance transport.
(3) Compressed air of the working pressure is low (usually 4 to 8 kg/per square centimeter), and therefore moving the material components and manufacturing accuracy requirements can be lowered.
(4)With the hydraulic transmission, compared to its faster action and reaction, which is one of the advantages pneumatic outstanding.
(5)The air cleaner media, it will not degenerate, not easy to plug the pipeline.
But there are also places where it flies in the ointment:
(1) As the compressibility of air, resulting in poor aerodynamic stability of the work, resulting in the implementing agencies as the precision of the velocity and not easily controlled.
(2) As the use of low atmospheric pressure, the output power cannot be too large; in order to increase the output power is bound to the structure of the entire pneumatic system size increased.
2. The composition, mechanical hand
Machine hand in the form of a variety of forms, some relatively simple, some more complicated, but the basic form is the same as the composition of the, usually by the implementing agencies, transmission systems, control systems and auxiliary devices composed.
(1)Implementing agencies
Manipulator executing agency by the hands, wrists, arm, pillars. Hands are crawling institutions, is used to clamp and release the work piece, and similar to human fingers, to complete the staffing of similar actions. Wrist and fingers and the arm connecting the components can be up and down, left, and rotary movement. A simple mechanical hand cannot wrist. Pillars used to support the arm can also be made mobile as needed.
(2)Transmission
The actuator to be achieved by the transmission system. Sub-transmission system commonly used manipulator mechanical transmission, hydraulic transmission, pneumatic and electric power transmission and other drive several forms.
(3)Control System
Manipulator control system’s main role is to control the machine hand according to certain procedures, direction, position, speed of action, a simple mechanical hand is generally not set up a dedicated control system, using only trip switches, relays, control valves and circuits can be achieved dynamic drive system control, so that implementing agencies according to the requirements of action. Action will have to use complex programmable machine hand controller, the micro-computer control..
3. Mechanical hand classification and characteristics
Machine hands are generally pided into three categories: the first is the general machinery does not require manual hand. It is an independent not affiliated with a particular host device. It can be programmed according to the needs of the task to complete the operation of the provisions. It is characterized with ordinary mechanical performance, also has general machinery, memory, intelligence ternary machinery. The second category is the need to manually do it, called the operation of aircraft. It originated in the atom, military industry, first through the operation of machines to complete a particular job, and later developed to operate using radio signals to carry out detecting machines such as the Moon. Used in industrial manipulator also fall into this category. The third category is dedicated manipulator, the main subsidiary of the automatic machines or automatic lines, to solve the machine up and down the work piece material and delivery. This mechanical hand in foreign countries known as the “Mechanical Hand”, which is the host of services, from the host-driven; exception of a few outside the working procedures are generally fixed, and therefore special.