初步设计二氯甲烷生产过程中氯化吸收工段的工艺
毕业论文关键词：二氯甲烷，氯化吸收， 物料衡算，能量衡算
Preliminary design of methylene chloride manufacturing process technology chloride absorption section
Abstract
Methylene chloride is a good industrial solvent, widely used. Methane chlorination reaction is highly exothermic reaction, the reaction temperature is difficult to control. Methane as the main component of natural gas, chlorine gas and recycle gas in a mixer and mixed into the reactor, the reaction gases are cooled after the air into the absorption column to remove the hydrogen chloride was cooled, and then into the tower, a solution of sodium hydroxide to remove residual hydrogen chloride and free chlorine. The purified gas is further compressed by the backward cooler,
cooling with water, and then into the cooler, the condensed crude chloride was passed to a distillation purification section to separate the methyl chloride, methylene chloride and chloroform. Part of the non-condensable gas venting outside the rest recycled. In this paper, this process, make the material balance and energy balance, chloride absorption section of the design process, as well as the equipment used.
KeyWords ：Absorption of methylene chloride, chlorinated, material balance, energy balance
目 录
前 言 1
第一章 总 论 2
1.1概述 2
1.1.1二氯甲烷的物理化学性质 2
1.1.2质量标准 4
1.1.4产品的市场需求 5
1.2原材料的规格、来源及净化 5
第二章 生产工艺流程简述 6
2．1二氯甲烷的生产原理及生产方法 6
2．1．1生产原理 6
2.1 .2二氯甲烷的生产方法及特点 7
2．2生产工艺流程简述 8
2.2.1甲烷氯化物生产工艺流程简述 8
第三章 物料衡算和热量衡算 11
3．1 计算基准 11
3．2 物料衡算和热量衡算 11
3.2.1反应器的物料衡算和热量衡算 11
3.2.2空冷器的物料衡算和热量衡算 15
3.2.3膜式吸收器的物料衡算和热量衡算 16
3．2．4 中和塔（填料塔） 20
第四章 主要设备的工艺计算及选型 21
4．1 空冷器 21
4．2第一膜式吸收器 23
4．3第二膜式吸收器 29
4.4 中和塔（填料塔） 32
4．5硫酸干燥塔 36
4．6 热交换器 37
4.7冷凝器 39
4．8盐酸分离器 40
4．9 稀酸分离器 40
4．10 碱液泵 41
4．11配碱槽 41
4．12 浓酸中间槽 42
4．13 浓酸泵 42
4．14压缩机 42
4．15粗氯化液液贮槽 42