巯基小分子荧光探针研究进展
毕业论文关键词：巯基；荧光探针；双光子；检测；展望
Research Progress of Organic Small Molecules Thiol Fluorescent Probes
Abstract: Small-molecular-weight thiols，including cysteine (Cys)，homocysteine (Hcy)，and glutathione (GSH)，play a key role in maintaining the biological redox homeostasis and nature．Therefore，the quantitative detection and specific discrimination of thiol-containing molecules in biological samples are of great importance in biomedical field．Fluorescence methods have been extensively studied and applied due to simple operation、high sensitivity and selectivity、real-time detection and little damage to organisms．The two-photon fluorescent probe technique has shown much broader application prospect in the field of life sciences compared to the one-photon fluorescent probe technique due to many features，such as absorbing light of longer wavelength with lower energy but emitting shorter wavelength、high three-dimensional spatial selectivity、large penetration depth、avoidance of photodamage and photobleaching and lower tissue auto-fluorescence，etc．In this paper，the research status of organic one-photon and two-photon mercapto biomolecules fluorescent probes were introduced，as well as the developing trends of organic mercapto biomolecules fluorescent probes in the future were prospected．
Key Words: Thiols；Fluorescent probes；Two-photon；Detection；Prospect
目 录
摘 要 1
引 言 2
1有机单光子巯基小分子荧光探针研究现状 3
1.1以硒氮键为巯基反应基团的检测巯基的荧光探针 3
1.2以二硫键为巯基反应基团的检测巯基的荧光探针 3
1.3以醛基为反应基团的检测巯基的荧光探针 4
1.4方酸衍生物类检测巯基的荧光探针 4
1.5其它类检测巯基的荧光探针 4
2有机双光子巯基小分子荧光探针研究现状 5
2.1双光子吸收基本原理 5
2.2有机双光子巯基小分子荧光探针研究现状 5
3展 望 8
参考文献 9
致 谢 12
巯基小分子荧光探针研究进展
引 言
由于目前科学水平的发展速度较快，人们渐渐开始追求生活的质量，科技是把双刃剑，不仅带来了便利也带来了疾病，为了防范疾病，摆脱病魔的缠身，人们逐渐关注于生命体内的活性小分子的检测。生物体内巯基小分子半胱氨酸(Cys)、同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)还有谷胱甘肽(GSH)等在人体的日常活动具有举足轻重的作用。尽管它们结构极为相似，但生物功能却完全不同。如和神经毒性有联系的是Cys含量超出平常水平[1]。水肿、小孩子的缓慢生长、肝损害、毛发掉色，皮肤受伤等是由于人体Cys含量过少得的不同种类的疾病，然而高半胱氨酸不属20种必需氨基酸，体内不能合成，其含量过高会导致老人痴呆症、神经系统退行性疾病、糖尿病、慢性肾病、骨质疏松等疾病[2]。GSH是人类细胞中自然合成的一种三肽，由谷氨酸、半胱氨酸和甘氨酸构成，在生命体中有着非常重要的生理生化功能,还有细胞内的氧化还原反应、异物代谢、信号传导与基因调控等[3]，人体中还原型GSH浓度异常与癌症、阿尔茨海默氏症和心血管等疾病有关[2, 4]。所以，细胞内的巯基分子的含量的多少能够准确并且快速地检测出来对用来分析和诊断病情都有着跨时代的研究价值。