水热法硫化镉CdS纳米粒子的合成及表征
在反应条件为镉源和硫源摩尔比为1:1、溶液pH值在10~11左右、反应温度120℃、反应时间10h时，所制得的粒子粒径较小，但发生了团聚现象，通过荧光光谱发现纳米粒子的荧光性能良好；添加CTAB制得的纳米粒子使粒子团聚大大降低，增加了粒子间的分散性，但同时也抑制了纳米粒子的荧光性能。
关键词 硫化镉 纳米粒子 水热法 CTAB 荧光性能
毕业论文设计说明书外文摘要
Title Synthesis of CdS nanoparticles
Abstract In this paper, hydrothermal method was used to prepare the CdS nanoparticles. The preparation conditions and material properties were investigated. By changing the preparation conditions such as the molar ratio of cadmium and sulfur source, the hydrothermal reaction time and temperature, pH value of solution, etc, the resultant nanoparticles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM). The effects that affect the size of nanoparticles were analyzed. After determining the best reaction condition, cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide(CTAB) was added to prepare the CdS nanoparticles. The effects of surfactant on nanoparticle's morphology, structure and size were studied. The X-ray diffraction(XRD) and infrared absorption spectroscopy(IR) were used to analyze the material composition of the resultant nanoparticles. The fluorescence properties of CdS nanoparticles was measured by fluorescence spectroscopy (PL).
The smallest nanoparticles obtained under the condition of molar ratio 1:1, solution pH value about 10 to 11, and the reaction temperature 120℃, reaction time 10h. But agglomeration occurs while they have a good fluorescence properties. The addition of CTAB greatly reduced the agglomeration, increased the dispersion between nanoparticles. But it inhibits the fluorescence properties of the nanoparticles.
Keywords CdS Nanoparticles Hydrothermal method CTAB Fluorescence properties
目 次
1 引言 1
1.1 纳米粒子半导体材料的性质 1
1.2 CdS纳米粒子 2
1.3 纳米粒子的制备方法 3
1.3.1 水热法 3
1.3.2 微波法 3
1.3.3 化学共沉淀法 4
1.3.4 单一表面活性剂体系法 4
1.3.5 模板法 4
1.3.6 其他方法合成纳米粒子 4
1.4 纳米粒子的应用和发展前景 4
1.5 本文的研究思路及内容 6
2.1 实验部分 7
2.1.1 实验药品与仪器 7
2.1.2 实验原理 8
2.1.3实验操作步骤 8
2.2 实验结果与讨论 9
2.2.1 扫描电子显微镜（SEM） 9
2.2.2 X射线衍射技术（XRD） 12
2.2.3 荧光光谱分析（PL） 14
2.3 本章小结 15