噻虫啉在土壤中的残留与降解研究+文献综述
关键词：噻虫啉；土壤；降解；吸附；解吸6551
Thiacloprid residues and degradation in the soil
Abstract：Thiacloprid，a new insecticide, belongs to a new class of insecticides known as neonicotinoids, has been widely used in China and other countries. It has a good stomach poison with a great contact activity. Without the cross-resistance to convwntional insecticides，thiacloprid is a efficient pharmacy to prevent the sucking and chewing mouthparts. A high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) technique and Pretreatment method was developed for determining residue of thiacloprid insecticide in soil, and adopt the established sample pretreatment and analysis method to study the biological degradation of thiacloprid in soil samples. This text is researched about thiacloprid’s degradation and adsorbed in soils ,and got the conclusion s followed: The study about thiacloprid said this insecticide has a half-life period about 5.7days. After the 21day-grown ,the residual concentration is a concentration of 0.93mg/kg dw. Grow in the jiangxi red loam, thiacloprid is adsorbed 0.78mg/g•L after 48 hours, and desorbed 122% after another 48 hours.Grow in the nanjing yellow-brown , thiacloprid is adsorbed 0.8mg/g•L after 48 hours, and desorbed 81.6% after another 48 hours.Grow in the shanxi gray desert soil, thiacloprid is adsorbed 0.9mg/g•L after 48 hours, and desorbed 94.5% after another 48 hours.
Key words: thiacloprid,；soil；degradation；adsorbed；desorbed
目 录
1 绪论 1
1.1 引言 1
1.2 土壤内农药的残留降解 1
1.2.1土壤农药的化学降解 2
1.2.2土壤农药的光解 2
1.2.3土壤农药的水解 2
1.2.4土壤农药的微生物降解 2
1.2.5土壤农药的扩散 3
1.2.6农药在土壤上的吸附 3
1.3 农药残留检测前处理技术 3
1.3.1 固相萃取(Solid phaSe extraction，SPE) 3
1.3.2 固相微萃取技术(SPME) 4
1.3.3 超临界流体萃取(SFE) 4
1.3.4 加速溶剂萃取(ASE) 4
1.3.5 微波辅助萃取(MAE) 5
1.3.6 基质固相分散萃取(MSPD) 5
1.3.7 凝胶渗透色谱(GPC) 5
1.4 农药残留检测技术 5
1.4.1 气相色谱法(GC) 6
1.4.2 高效液相色谱法(HPLC) 6
1.5 噻虫啉简述 6
1.5.1 噻虫啉基本概况 9
1.5.2理化性质： 9
1.5.3作用特点及杀虫谱： 10
1.6 土壤内行为的影响 11
1.6.1 有机物在土壤中的吸附 11
1.6.2 土壤含水率 11
1.6.3 土壤有机质 12