摘要本实验采用改进沉淀/原位共聚物包覆法对硝酸铵(AN)的表面防吸湿改性工艺进行初步探索。以甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)和丙烯酸丁酯(BA)为共聚单体经单因素实验探索，得到吸湿性降低的硝酸铵(AN)颗粒及其包覆较佳工艺。结果表明：在35℃，相对湿度68%（饱和SrCl2溶液），吸湿24h的测试条件下，包覆后硝酸铵颗粒吸湿率降幅为21.8%，包覆层质量分数为1.5%,且包覆样表面有水滴形成，吸去水滴后降幅可达100%。SEM结果表明，共聚物在硝酸铵表面有较好的包覆膜；FTIR表明，包覆层含量极低。本文研究结果为共聚物包覆硝酸铵防吸湿工艺进一步研究奠定了基础。48032

关键词  硝酸铵  吸湿性 共聚物 包覆  改性  

毕业论文设计说明书外文摘要

Title   Preliminarily Studies on Anti-hygroscopicity Process of Ammonium Nitrate using Acrylate Ester Co-Polymer as Coating material 

Abstract

Preliminarily studies on anti-hygroscopicity process of ammonium nitrate using acrylate ester copolymer as coating material via a method named the improved precipitation and in-situ copolymerization were carried out in this paper. Using methyl methacrylate (MMA) and butyl acrylate (BA) as monomers, a better anti-hygroscopic process of ammonium nitrate (AN) particles was obtained by the single factor experiments based on controlling copolymerization happened on the surface of the particles. The results showed, on the condition that the relative humidity was 68%, temperature was 35 ℃ (SrCl2 saturated solution), staying time was 24h, the hygroscopicity rate decline of coated AN were 21.8% and the mass fraction of the coating layer were 1.5%. And there was some water droplet appeared on the surface of coating sample. In the case water droplets were sucked, the decline would be up to 100%. The characteristics of SEM showed, the copolymer appeared to be a good coating layer on the surface of the ammonium nitrate. The characteristics of FTIR verified the structure of the coating layer. The results above could provide a good basis for the further researches of improving the effect of the anti-hygroscopicity of AN particles by copolymer coating techniques.

Keywords  ammonium nitrate, hygroscopicity, copolymer, coating, modification

 目    次

1  绪论 1

1.1  概述 1

1.2  硝酸铵改性方法 1

1.2.1  物理涂覆 2

1.2.2  化学包覆 2

1.2.3  胶囊化包覆 3

1.3  存在问题的分析 4

1.4  解决办法 4

2  实验原理 5

2.1  自由基聚合原理 5

2.2  原位聚合原理 5

2.3  聚合反应动力学方程 6

3.  实验方案设计及评价标准 6

3.1  实验方案设计 6

3.2  产物质量评价标准 7

3.2.1  吸湿率测定 8

3.2.2 包覆层质量分数测定 8

4.  实验部分 9

4.1  实验仪器及药品 9

4.2  基本包覆工艺步骤 10

4.2.1  原料准备