摘要鉴于纳米铝粉存在易团聚、相容性差、易氧化等问题,限制了其在推进剂中的应用.本文着重研究采用含能聚合物（虫胶 、氟橡胶、酚醛树脂）包覆的方法来保持纳米铝粉的活性,解决其存在的易团聚、相容性差、易氧化等问题。并研究不同包覆材料、包覆方法、包覆量等因素对纳米铝粉包覆效果的影响，同时采用透射电镜(TEM)、活性铝含量测试和傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)光谱对复合粒子形貌和结构进行表征。之后将纳米铝粉加入推进剂中, 并通过非接触式远红外测温仪测量推进剂的燃温,计算燃速。最终试图经比较后找到保持纳米铝粉反应活性并提高推进剂能量特性的更好的方法与工艺。经过研究发现酚醛树脂包覆对于纳米铝粉活性保护效果良好且包覆后分散性好，将包覆后纳米铝粉加入推进剂提高了推进剂的燃速与燃温(最高燃温提高了约300℃)。63839

毕业论文关键字 纳米铝粉  包覆   聚合物  推进剂

毕业设计说明书（论文）外文摘要

Title  Preparation of ultra-fine aluminum powder composite particles coated by energetic  polymer                  

Abstract To keep the high active aluminum content of nano-aluminum and also to overcome the drawbacks of agglomeration, oxidation and compatibility, different Energetic polymers(shellac, fluorine rubber, phenolic resin) coated aluminum nanopowders have been studied. Different coating materials, coating method and the effect of different coating on the Al nanopowders activity were also studied. And the morphology and structure of the composite particles were characterized by transmission electron microscope (TEM)and FTIR . Explores coated Al nanopowders added to the propellant how to affect the propellant performance (by far-infrared non-contact thermometer to measure the temperature). Trying to find out the methods and technology to keep Al nanopowders reactivity and improve the energy characteristics of the propellant. After the study we found that the use of phenolic resin coated nano-aluminum powder have the best results ,the nano-aluminum powder added to increases the propellant burning rate the propellant and combustion temperature (maximum combustion temperature has increased by about 300 ℃).

Keywords Nano-aluminum   Coated   polymeric substance   Propellant

目录

1 绪论 1

1.1 研究背景 1

1.2 纳米铝粉包覆的国内外研究现状 1

1.2.1 国内研究情况 2

1.2.2 国外研究情况 3

2 纳米铝粉的含能聚合物包覆 5

2.1硅烷偶联剂对纳米铝粉的表面改性处理 6

2.1.1 改性原理及目的 6

2.1.2 实验步骤 6

2.2 虫胶包覆 6

2.2.1 虫胶包覆步骤 7

2.2.2 测试表征 7

2.2.3 结果与讨论 10

2.3  氟橡胶包覆 11

2.3.1 氟橡胶包覆步骤 11

2.3.2 测试表征 11

2.3.3 结果与讨论 12

2.4 酚醛树脂包覆 13

2.4.1 酚醛树脂包覆步骤 13

2.4.2 测试表征