摘    要   ：目的 了解杭州市中小学内教学环境卫生状况，为改善教学环境卫生提供依据。方法 根据杭州市中小学校教学环境监测要求，对杭州市40所中小学校进行监测和分析。结果 2014-2016年监测教室678间，课桌椅和黑板反射比合格率最低为35.32%及42.95%。黑板反射比、窗地比、后墙反射比、课桌面照度均匀度及黑板面平均照度合格率下降，其余均有提高；课桌椅符合率、采光系数、黑板面照度均匀度及噪声合格率各年度差异有统计学意义（P ＜ 0.05）   结论  杭州市教学环境大多数指标合格率有所提高，但是整体教学环境卫生状况仍不容乐观，有关部门应更加重视。

关键词：中小学校； 教学环境； 监测分析

Objective  To understand the state of health of the classroom environment hygiene in primary and secondary schools in Hangzhou, and lay the fundation for improving teaching environmental hygiene. Methods  According to the teaching environment monitoring requirements of primary and secondary schools in Hangzhou, the teaching environment of 40 primary and secondary schools in Hangzhou was investigated, monitored and analyzed in accordance with relevant standards of school health in 2014-2016. Ｒesults  From 2014 to 2016， 678 classrooms were monitored; The desks and chairs coincidence，reflection rate was the, lowest(35.32% and 42.95%). The reflection ratio of the blackboard is more than that of the rear wall, and the uniformity and average illumination of the blackboard are lower than that in 2014; The rest has been improved. There were statistically significant differences in desk, classroom chair compliance, lighting factor, board illumination uniformity, and noise compliance rate among years(P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion  The qualification rate of most indicators in the teaching environment in Hangzhou has improved. However, the overall teaching environment is still not optimistic about the health conditions, especially the low compliance rate of desks and chairs. Education and the administrative department of public health should take measures to strengthen the supervision.

Keyword: Primary and secondary schools;  Teaching environment;  Monitoring analysis

目    录

1  前言 5

2  对象及方法 5

2.1 对象 5

2.2 方法 5

2.2.1 监测内容 5

2.2.1 监测仪器 5

2.2.1 检测与评价方法 5

2.2.1 具体评价标准 5

2.3 质量控制 6

2.3 统计分析 6

3  结果与分析 6

3.1 教室人均面积 6

3.2 课桌椅配置 6

3.3 教室黑板卫生 7

3.4 教室采光及后墙卫生 8

3.5 教室照明卫生 9

3.6 教室空气质量和环境噪声 10

3.7 杭州市十四个区县各项教学环境指标差异性比较 11

4  讨论 13

4.1 课桌椅符合率极低，问题最为严重 13

4.2 黑板总合格率偏低，主要是黑板反射比合格率过低