摘    要：目前人们对苦蘵的遗传背景了解还比较少，这不利于苦蘵种质资源的有效性保护和利用。本研究利用SCoT分子标记技术对国内苦蘵主要分布区的16个苦蘵群体进行了遗传多样性及遗传结构的研究分析，为制定苦蘵种质资源的有效保护策略提供依据。实验结果表明，SCoT分子标记的多态性较好，可用于研究苦蘵群体的遗传多样性和遗传结构。分析数据发现，16个苦蘵群体间的多态性位点存在明显差异，苦蘵种群内部的遗传多样性水平不高，遗传相似性较大。通过聚类分析，可将这16个苦蘵居群归为四大类，这表明群体的遗传距离与地理分布地区的远近可能存在一定关联。对其遗传结构分析发现，在居群间发生了54.65%的遗传变异，居群内的遗传变异为54.68%，基因流水平为中等水平。

关键词：苦蘵；遗传多样性；遗传结构；SCoT分子标记技术

At present, there is little research and understanding about the genetic background of P. angulate, which is not conducive to the effective protection of Physalis germplasm resources. In this study, SCoT molecular marker technology was used to study the genetic persity and genetic structure of 16 P. angulata  populations, which provide the important basis for the development of effective protection strategies for P. angulata germplasm resources. The experimental results show that SCoT molecular markers have good polymorphism and can be used to study the genetic persity and genetic structure of P. angulata populations. The results revealed that there were significant differences in the polymorphic loci among the 16 P. angulata populations, and the genetic persity within the P. angulate population was not high and the genetic similarity was high. Through cluster analysis, these 16 buckwheat populations can be categorized into four groups, indicating that the genetic distance of the population may be related to the geographical distribution area. Analysis of its genetic structure revealed that 54.65% of genetic variation occurred among P. angulate populations, and the genetic variation within the population was 54.68%, and the gene flow level was moderate.

Keyword: Physalis angulata L.；Genetic Diversity；Genetic Structure；SCoT

目录

1 引言 1

1.1苦蘵的研究概述 1

1.1.1苦蘵的概述 1

1.1.2 苦蘵的经济价值 1

1.1.3苦蘵的研究进展 1

1.2遗传多样性的研究概述 1

1.2.1 遗传多样性的概念 1

1.2.2遗传多样性的研究方法 1

1.3 遗传结构 2

1.4 SCoT分子标记技术研究概述 2

1.4.1 SCoT分子标记技术 2

1.4.2 SCoT分子标记技术的原理 2

1.4.3 SCoT分子标记技术的特点 2

1.4.4 SCoT分子标记技术在植物中的研究应用 3

1.5研究意义 3

1.6 技术路线 4

2 基于SCoT分子标记的苦蘵遗传多样性及遗传结构分析 5

2.1实验材料与方法 5

2.1.1 实验材料 5

2.1.2 实验仪器及试剂 5

2.1.3 苦蘵DNA的提取与检测