摘要：本文通过对校园土壤内碱性蛋白酶的产生菌的筛选进行研究。根据产酶鉴别培养基上产生蛋白酶水解圈的大小对所筛选的菌株的碱性蛋白酶产生能力的大小进行判断，选出产生碱性蛋白酶能力较强的菌株进行分类鉴定，在研究该菌株的形态特征、运动性、培养特征和生理生化特征等基础上，初步鉴定为枯草芽孢杆菌。该菌细胞杆状，无荚膜，周生鞭毛，能运动，革兰氏阳性，为严格好氧菌。57410

毕业论文关键词：碱性蛋白酶，鉴定，枯草芽孢杆菌，生理生化鉴定

Abstract：The selection of bacteria producing alkaline protease in soil was researched in this article. Judging the capability of the alkaline protease of the screened bacterial strains according to the sizes of protease hydrolyzed circles generated on a culture medium with produced enzyme, this paper had selected and identified bacterial strains with stronger ability to generate alkaline protease and preliminarily identified them as Bacillus subtilis according to morphological characteristics, motility, cultural characteristics, physiological characteristics and biochemical characteristics of the bacterial strains. Cells of such bacteria were rod-shaped and there was no bacterial capsule around the bacteria, moreover, flagella were growing around them and they could move, they were gram-positive and strict aerobic bacteria. 

 Key words: alkaline protease, identification, Bacillus subtilis, physiological and biochemical identification

目  录

1  前言 4

1.1  碱性蛋白酶的理化特性 4

1.2  微生物碱性蛋白酶的产生菌 4

1.3  碱性蛋白酶在我国的研究状况 4

1.4  碱性蛋白酶的应用 5

1.5  碱性蛋白酶研究的前景 5

2  材料和方法 6

2.1  实验材料与仪器 6

2.1.1  样品采集 6

2.1.2  设备与仪器 6

2.1.3  试剂 6

2.2  培养基及常用溶液配制 7

2.3  溶液配制 8

3  实验方法 9

3.1  制备土壤稀释液 9

3.2  涂布和培养 9

3.3  观察与保存 9

3.4  产碱性蛋白酶菌株的筛选 9

3.5  酶活力的测定 10

3.6  菌株的生理生化鉴定 10

3.6.1  革兰氏染色 10

3.6.2  菌株形态鉴定 10

3.6.3  菌株生理生化鉴定 10

4  结果与讨论 11

4.1  培养出的细菌 11

4.2  产碱性蛋白酶菌株的筛选 12

4.3  菌株S的酶活力 12

4.4  菌株S的生理生化鉴定 12

4.4.1  革兰氏染色 12

4.4.2  菌株S形态鉴定