摘要：本论文通过对目前传统电子计算机发展中遇到的瓶颈进行分析，论述了未来量子计算机替代传统电子计算机的可能性，同时对量子计算原理进行详细解释。本文首先论述了传统电子计算机发展中遇到的问题以及它自身的缺陷，强调了未来发展量子计算机的重要性。作者通过分析总结国内外目前量子计算领域的研究成果，从两个方面对量子计算机的发展进行了展望，第一方面是通过详细解释了量子计算机的工作原理并与传统电子计算机进行对比，论述了量子计算机的优越性。第二方面是分析了目前国内外对于量子计算机方面的研究进展，通过综合分析这些成果，作者得出结论：随着时间的推移和科技的发展，量子计算技术会慢慢体现出它的优势，量子计算机很可能在未来取代传统电子计算机。65786

毕业论文关键词：量子计算  量子计算机  量子比特  图灵机

Abstract：Based on analysis of the present bottlenecks encountered in the development of traditional electronic computer, in this paper, the possibility that the quantum computer can replace traditional electronic computer in the future and some explainations of the quantum computing principles in detail were shown. At first, in this paper, the traditional problems encountered in the development of electronic computers and its own defects and the importance of the future development of quantum computers were shown. Based on analysis and summary of current research achievements in the field of quantum computing at home and abroad, the writer of this paper also look to the future from two aspects of the quantum computer development. On the first hand, through the detailed explanation of the working principle of the quantum computer and comparing with traditional electronic computer, the advantages of quantum computer were shown. The second aspect is the analysis of the current domestic and foreign research progress on the quantum computer. Through the comprehensive analysis of these results, the conclusion was drawn that as time goes on, along with the development of science and technology, quantum computing will gradually shows its advantages, which is likely to replace the traditional electronic computer in the future.

Keyword:  quantum computation   quantum computer    quantum bit   turing machine 

目   录

1  前言……………………………………………………………………………………………………6

2  什么是量子计算机……………………………………………………………………6

  2.1量子计算机的工作原理…………………………………………………………6

    2.2量子比特……………………………………………………………………………8

3 量子计算机的研究进展………………………………………………………………8

4 量子计算机是否会取代传统电子计算机 ………………………………………13