海明威《太阳照常升起》的评析迷惘一代的觉醒(2)
Abstractii
摘要.iii
1 The Background of the Lost Generation. 1
1.1 The Origin of the Lost Generation1
1.2 The Definition of the Lost Generation1
1.3 The Characteristics of the Lost Generation.1
1.4 The Influence of the Lost Generation3
2 Ernest Hemingway in the Lost Generation.4
2.1 Hemingway’s Experience 4
2.2 Hemingway’s Works.4
2.3 Hemingway’s Influence in Lost Generation.5
3 The Figures’ Lost in Sun Also Rises7
3.1 Jake Barnes’s Lost.7
3.2 Brett Ashley’s Lost9
3.3 Robert Cohn’s Lost10
4 The figures’ Awakening in Sun Also Rises.12
4.1 Jake Barnes’s Awakening.12
4.2 Brett Ashley’s Awakening13
5 The Influence and Significance of the Awakening of the Lost Generation.16
5.1 Language Influence 16
5.2 Writing Style Influence.16
6 Conclusion18
Bibliography19
1 The Background of the Lost Generation
The Lost Generation emerged after World War I. It indicated the writers who rebelled against former ideals and values, but could have the same illusion, wrote novels with same subject and use the same measure.
1.1 The Origin of the Lost Generation
After the First World War, the young American teenagers, who have been affected by the slogan of "patriotism" with rich romantic thoughts and the spirit of adventure, not only witnessed the war madness and brutality, but also saw the reality of the ridiculous and cruel. Those American gave up civilian pursuits to join the army, hoping to realize their own value and to be a hero to rescue the people plunged into dire suffering, yet lost the original spiritual pillar of the ideal and faith after the war. The youth dissatisfied with the reality and felt empty, lonely and became the unprecedented “Lost Generation” in American society.
The phrase, The Lost Generation, was first put forward by America female writer, Gertrude Stein, when she commented on Ernest Hemingway. Once she pointed at Hemingway and his friends: “You are all the lost generation.” in a party. The word “lost” not only means many writers’ depression and disappointment towards the society, but also young people’s attitude towards life. Among them, the majorities took part in World War I and were hurt both in sprit and physical bodies because of American hypocritical democracy and freedom.
1.2 The Definitions of the Lost Generation
Lost Generation was a literature school original in American in the twentieth century. Lost Generation referred to the generation after the World War I. Meanwhile, it also referred to the young writers who lived as expatriates in Western Europe for a short time. Besides Hemingway, there was Lewis Mumford, Ezra Pound, T. S. Eliot, Matthew, Sherwood Anderson, and many other novelists. The Lost Generation was also called the Sad Young Man by F. Scott Fitzgerald in his book which described the disillusioned younger generation after the First World War.
1.3 The Characteristics of the Lost Generation
The Lost Generation was a group of rebellious youth appeared in America after the First World War. The 1920s was an age of Prohibition. Alcoholic beverages were outlawed by a constitutional amendment. However, young people cheerfully evaded the law in thousands of “speakeasies” (illegal bars). They played jazz, took drugs and bravely denunciated the Puritan morality and the social convention. At the same time, a lot of works appeared to reflect these young men’s depression and sad emotion. They seemed to lose their directions for the future. They could not find the real meaning of life, as the harsh reality shattered their traditional values that give meaning.
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