Abstract  William Faulkner is an outstanding writer in the history of American literature whose works have important influences on American literature in the 20th century. He was awarded the 1949 Nobel Prize for literature because of his highly and powerfully artistic unique contribution to the modern American novels. His master As I Lay Dying is one of the representative works in modern American literature, which attracts many scholars and researchers’ attention and they have studied the novel from the perspective of psychology, feminism and so on.

    This thesis mainly discusses the causes of the tragedy of the main character Darl Bundren in As I Lay Dying. This thesis discusses his tragedy from the perspective of social, family and Darl’s own characteristics. A brief introduction to the thesis is given firstly. And then the thesis mainly analyses how the social background including Civil War and the First World War influence the character of the hero Darl. Besides, the thesis analyzes the effect of family environment of the tragic fate of Darl from the perspective of Darl’s lack of mother’s love and betrayal of family. At last, this thesis analyzes Darl’s tragic fate from his own personality which includes three aspects: lack of sense of security, mental confusion and the change of non-ego. With above analyses, we can further understand Darl Bundren’s personality and his unhealthy mental status in the southern United States in early twentieth century and make a conclusion that Darl Bundren’s tragedy is doomed and inevitable.  42282

Key words: Darl     Tragedy     William Faulkner     As I Lay Dying

摘要威廉·福克纳是美国文学史上一位杰出的作家，他的一系列作品都对二十世纪有着重要的影响。因为他对当代美国小说作出了强有力的和艺术上无与伦比的贡献，他获得了1949年诺贝尔文学奖。他所钟爱的作品《我弥留之际》是现代美国文学的代表作之一，受到了很多学者和研究者的关注，他们从心理学，女性主义等角度研究了这部小说。

本文主要对小说的主角达尔·本德伦的悲剧成因进行探讨。达尔有个悲剧的命运，这篇论文从社会，家庭以及自身性格三个角度分析其悲剧。首先是对整篇论文的简要介绍。然后介绍当时的社会背景包括内战和第一次世界大战对主人公达尔造成的影响。此外从缺乏母爱和家庭的背叛两个方面分析了家庭环境因素对主人公达尔·本德伦悲剧命运的影响。最后从达尔本人的性格分析他悲剧命运的根源，包括缺乏安全感，精神的困惑以及非我的改变。通过分析了解达尔·本德伦的性格以及二十世纪初美国南方精神上的不健康状态从而探讨出作者对当时南方精神状态下，达尔的悲剧是注定的，也是不可抗拒的。

毕业论文关键词：达尔     悲剧     威廉·福克纳     《我弥留之际》

Contents

Abstract i

摘 要 ii

Introduction 1

Chapter one  The Social Background 3

1.1 Effects of Civil War 3

1.2 Effects of the First World War 5

Chapter two  Family Environment 8

2.1 Lack of mother’s love 8

2.2 The betrayal of family 11

Chapter three Personal Characteristics 13

3.1 Lack of sense of security 13

3.2 Mental confusion