从李清照和艾米莉•狄金森的意象诗歌看不同的爱情观(2)
Li Qingzhao was born in a family of officials and scholars in Jinan, nowadays Shandong Province. Her father Li Gefei, a student of Su Shi—a famous ancient Chinese poet(1037-1101) was a prominent scholar at the Imperial Academy and a noted prose-writer; while her mother, a granddaughter of a prime minister of Tang dynasty, was also highly educated. Owing to the influence of her family, she had a gift at Ci poems in her teenage and laid a solid foundation on her literary career. Her living circumstance also exerted influence on her literary life. She was brought up in a city, which availed her of viewing the natural sceneries outside and playing on the streets. Her rich experience made a difference on her love value.
At the age of 18, she married Zhao Mingcheng, a student in the Imperial Academy, who had abundant knowledge about metal sculpture, jade carving, painting and calligraphy. Since their marriage, they happily lived together. Her husband and her shared a love of poetry and often wrote poems for each other. The love poems written in this period expressed her love toward her husband in details. However, her peaceful life was broken by the Jin-invaders. In order to protect their country, Zhao Mincheng joined the war but died in 1129 due to a heavy illness. After her husband’s death, although many people said that she remarried in 1132 and soon porced, Li Qingzhao for years lived in depression and missing for her husband. Far away from her hometown and criticized by people under the feudal system about her remarriage, she died in her loneliness. With no documentary record of her death, it is generally believed that she died at seventy.
Only around a hundred of her poems are known to survive, mostly in the Ci form and a few poems in the shri form have survived, tracing her varying fortunes in life. She is credited as the first detailed critique of the metrics of Chinese poetry, regarded as a master of wanyue pai "the delicate restraint".
1.2 Brief Introduction to Emily Dickinson
Emily Dickinson(1830-1886) was a shy New England recluse. During her life time, she wrote fruitfully in verse and letter, leaving 1775 poems. Published only a part of those poems, she has come to be recognized after her death. As great as Whitman(the author of the famous poetry—Leaves of Grasses), as a chief poet in the late 19th century of America, Emily Dickinson and her poetry are far beyond the restrictions from her time.
Emily Dickinson, the second child among the three children, was living in a wealthy family in Amherst, Massachusetts. Her grandfather Samuel Fowler Dickinson was one of the founders of Amherst University，moreover, her father Edward and her elder brother William Austin Dickinson were famous and rich lawyers. After Emily Dickinson finished her secondary school at South Handley Female Academy(a school for young girls), she lived in a quiet life at her father’s home until 1854, when she was twenty-four years old. In the same year her father was serving a term in the United States Congress, so she went to Washington for a short period. In addition, she spent some time visiting Philadelphia and Boston, remaining single to the end of her life. There were two important men who exerted great influence on Emily Dickinson. One was Benjamin Newton, an apprentice of her father. He introduced her to inspiring books and encouraged her to carry on her talent on verse. The other was Charles Wandsworth, a clergy as well as a close friend of hers. During her meeting with him, she gradually began to dress in the entire white clothes, starting to avoid strangers. As time went on she lived more and more alone in her house and garden. Quiet and peaceful, she died at Amherst on May 16, 1886.
Fortunately, she created a number of poems, which were preserved until now. Since her death her works began to appear in one volume after another and won her name. Poems(1890) and Poems: Second Series(1891) immediately stirred the society and brought her recognition by the public. The Single House(1914) established her role as a major poet. Other collections of her poetry were published in 1930, 1936 and 1945.
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