In the early period, the researches are about his ideology and literature arts。 There are a few works including the study of female image from home and abroad。 Foreign Scholar Virginia Woolf studied from the similarities of women in Hardy’s novels。 China’s scholar Ma Xian analyzed from the gender perspective, character dualism of women and female consciousness。 But researches on dualism of Tess are rare。 She was not a completely traditional or new woman。

The thesis will analyze from the perspective of the feminism criticism。 Focusing on the ideology dualism of Tess, the thesis will reveal the transition and the sprout of Tess。 The thesis is expected to figure out a few questions in the following:

How were the thoughts of Tess? Why she had thought dualism? Was she a new woman or not?

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Tess of the D’Urbervilles published in 1891 is the masterpiece of Hardy。 After this novel, the themes of Hardy’s novels are more profound, taking more efforts into the traditional ethics to expose and criticize。 This novel reflects the strong contradiction of Hardy’s thoughts, and depicts the successful female image in Hardy’s novels。 It has received widespread attention in foreign critics since published。 Researches on Hardy began in late nineteenth Century, involving the analysis of female images in the following: 

Irving Howe noted in Thomas Hardy that “Tess was a product of Hardy’s fight against Victorian traditional value concept, especially Victorian traditional concept of chastity” (qtd。 in He Ning 37)。 Higonnet employed Tess to “examine the points of intersection between gender and narrative theory, which she located in the problem of separating the ‘voice’ of a character from that of the narrator” (qtd。 in Harvey 188)。 In addition, Penny Boumelha remarked in Thomas Hardy and women; Sexual Ideology and Narrative Form that "the radicalism of Hardy's representation of women resides 。 。 。 in their resistance to reduction to a single and uniform ideological position” (qtd。 in Casagrande 64)。 The images of women in the Hardy's novels were studied from different angles。 Some of them analyzed the character of female images in Hardy's novels and pointed out the similarities and differences with the traditional women images in literary works。 Others studied mental state of roles in the novels of Hardy's, they claimed that the central issue of Hardy’s novels is to study psychological problems of people。 Few people paid attention to the literary background to analyze characteristics and the root of tragedy of women under the pen of Hardy。