GSP车载行车速度测试技术研究+文献综述
关键词 车载 GPS 测速 加速度传感器 卡尔曼滤波
毕业设计说明书（论文）外文摘要
Title The research of the vehicle traffic speed on measuring and technology
Abstract
Vehicles speed measurement become the subject of great concern.This research is on the vehicle speed measurement system to adapt to the new scientist, in the development of new technology and the increasing needs of people and discussed.Even small volume for easy installation, not modified vehicle itself.The research puts forward the acceleration sensor and GPS, designing the vehicle speed acquisition device that based on acceleration sensor and GPS. The two signals of the GPS and accelerometer combination,however,the date collected must have corresponding error,in order to eliminate the error of GPS and accelerometer must be filtered that can eliminate the error.In this we choose Kalman filtering, Kalman filtering is used in time domain, so it is adapts to the multi-variables system And the time-varying system. It also adapts to the un-stability random process. Otherwise, it is realized easily in the computer because its character of recursion. So it gains extensive application. Through the filter, we can get a more accurate vehicle speed.
Keywords Vehicle GPS Speed measurement Accelerometer Sensor Kalman Filtering
目 次
1 绪论 1
1.1 课题研究背景及意义 1
1.2 国内外行车速度测量发展概况 2
1.2.1 机械式速度表 2
1.2.2 测速发电机型速度表 2
1.2.3 霍尔数字式转速表 2
1.2.4 脉冲式转速传感器型测速系统 3
1.2.5 雷达测速 4
1.2.6 卫星定位 4
1.3 测速系统的发展趋势 5
1.4 本课题的研究内容 5
2.1 GPS的测速原理 8
2.1.1 位置差分确定速度 8
2.1.2 原始多普勒频移观测值求解速度 8
2.1.3 载波相位中心差分法 10
2.2 加速度传感器的工作原理 10
3 系统硬件设计 12
3.1 微控制器的模块 12
3.1.1 微控制器芯片选型 12
3.1.2 微控制器控制部分电路原理图设计 14
3.2 GPS模块 16
3.2.1 GPS芯片的选型 16
3.2.2 GPS模块电路原理图 18
3.2.3GPS 信号结构 20
3.3 加速度传感器模块 21
3.3.1 加速度传感器的选型 21
3.3.2 加速度传感器电路原理 24
3.3.3加速度传感器的串行通信 24
4 卡尔曼滤波 26
4.1 卡尔曼滤波简介 26