FDS+EVAC紧急条件下的人员疏散模拟研究
Evacuation Simulation Research under Emergency Condition
Abstract: Study of the escape under emergency conditions is always worthy of our attention, this article studies the emergency condition which is defined as a building fire conditions. It will cause huge loss of life and property in the building fire because people can’t evacuate in time. Currently there are two methods to determine the ways of building fire evacuation: one is direct analysis of fire case, the second one is computer simulation. The computer simulation is the scene of the fire to a hypothetical situation in which the fire set to predict how to escape. This article studies a women's dormitory of a university evacuation under emergency situation, using the computer simulations of a room, a floor, a 6-storey girls' dormitory fire evacuation. Focus on fire impact on evacuation, the characteristics of the research building users to study the characteristics of different personnel evacuation efficiency through a lot of building fire evacuation simulation test image of fire dynamics software FDS + EVAC building fire evacuation study.
KeyWords: evacuation simulation; numerical simulation; emergency condition; Student apartments; FDS+EVAC
目 录
摘要 i
Abstract i
目 录 iii
1 绪论 1
1.1 人员疏散基础 2
1.2 国内外研究现状 2
1.3 影响人员疏散的基本参数 4
1.4 人员疏散过程中的行为特征 5
1.5 研究思路及目标 7
2 FDS+EVAC的理论基础 9
2.1 软件简介 9
2.2 疏散模型的理论基础 10
2.2.1 火灾和人类的相互作用 10
2.2.2 出口的选择 10
2.2.3 数组 11
2.3 计算机模拟方法的研究 11
2.3.1 计算机模拟的发展过程 11
2.3.2 计算机模拟的优势 12
3 FDS+EVAC的应用 13
3.1 软件中基本条件设置 13
3.2 PYROSIM算例演示 14
3.2.1 火灾场景物理模型 14
3.2.2 火源位置的设定 15
3.2.3 热释放燃烧速率设定 16
3.2.4 人员及其特征的设定 17
3.2.5 房间疏散模拟结果及分析 17
3.2.6 能见度对疏散的影响 18