NiCo2O4纳米片自组装微米球的制备
关键词：NiCo2O4 尖晶石粉体；水热法；超级电容器
The Preparation of Nickel Cobalt Oxide Microspheres
Self-assembled by Nanosheets
Abstract: Currently, super-capacitor is paid by more and more attention with the sustainable
development of society. The preparation and its performance of NiCo2O4 as electrode materials
was mainly discussed in this thesis. In this paper, hydrothermal method was used for
preparation. Taking C4H13N3 as structure oriented agents, water and ethanol as solvent,
NiCo2O4 microsphere assembled by nanosheets was prepared by 180℃，holding 8 h of
hydrothermal reaction. NiCo2O4 powder of spinel structure could be obtained by the heat
treatment more than 250℃. We found that the hydrothermal time and temperature, the
proportion of alcohol and water and DETA will change the size and morphology of the product.
Controlling of conditions NiCo2O4 in hexagonal sheet shape or peony flake can be obtained by
controlling of these conditions. When [M2 +
]:[DETA] = 3:1, it has the largest specific surface
area of 141.3 m2
/g, its aperture size on 10 nm and 4 nm. Also, after 250℃ heat treatment
NiCo2O4 powder size is more uniform.
KeyWords: Nikel-Cobalt spinel Oxide; hydrothermal method; super-capacitor
目 录
1.绪论 .. 1
1.1 引言 . 1
1.2 超级电容器的发展 . 2
1.3 超级电容器的工作原理 . 3
1.4 超级电容器的特点 3
1.5 超级电容器分类 . 4
1.5.1 双电层电容 .. 4
1.5.2 法拉第赝电容器 5
1.5.3 混合电容器 .. 5
1.6 超级电容器的电极材料和电解质 6
1.6.1 电极材料 6
1.6.2 电解质 . 6
1.7 超级电容器的应用现状 . 7
1.7.1 用于电子电路或小型用电器 . 7
1.7.2 用于大功率输出 8
1.7.3 与电池联用 .. 8
1.8 超级电容器电极材料研究进展 . 9
1.8.1 碳电极电化学电容器 . 9
1.8.2 金属氧化物电极电化学电容器 9
1.9 液相法的定义 11
1.10 本课题的研究意义 .. 12
2 实验部分 . 13
2.1 引言 . 13
2.2 实验试剂及仪器 .. 13
2.3 NiCo2O4 粉体的制备 .. 15
2.4 结构及形貌表征方法 16
2.4.1 X射线衍射（XRD） 16
2.4.2 扫描电子显微镜(SEM)表征 17
2.4.3 BET 法测试比表面积 .. 17
3 实验结果与讨论 . 18
3.1 DETA 含量对产物粉末性能的影响 .. 18
3.1.1 扫描电镜分析 .. 18
3.1.2 比表面积分析 .. 19
3.2 水热反应时间对于形貌的影响 .. 22
3.2.1 扫描电镜分析 .. 22
3.3 水热反应温度对于形貌的影响 .. 23
3.3.1 扫描电镜分析 .. 23
3.4 烧结温度对于产物的影响 .. 24
3.4.1 X射线衍射分析 .. 24
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