摘要：由于现在社会能源过度的消耗，开发新能源已经成为了我国科研人员日以继夜研发的问题。超级电容器作为新型储能设备已然成为现在人们研究的热点，而电极材料的性质决定了超级电容器的性能，故而电极材料成为了研究重点。过渡金属氧化物资源丰富且电化学性能突出，所以本文以钴镍作为研究对象，通过简单水热法直接在泡沫镍基片上生长出NiCo2O4复合氧化物，采用XRD、SEM等多种测试手段对产物结构进行了研究，扫描电镜结果表明以尿素为结构导向剂，能方便地在泡沫镍上生长出纳米线和刺状球阵列的NiCo2O4氧化物，并用循环伏安法和恒流充放电法对NiCo2O4/泡沫镍电极材料的电化学性能进行了测试，测试结果表明：NiCo2O4/泡沫镍电极材料在1A/g的电流密度下比电容为520F/g，随着电流密度增加到10A/g，比电容仍然可以保持很高，保容率为80.7%，具有较好的倍率性能。

关键词:钴酸镍；水热法；超级电容器

The preparation of multi-structural composite electrode materials

Abstract: Due to the excessive consumption of energy now society, the development of new energy has become a problem of our country's scientific research personnel and research and development. Super capacitor as a new energy storage device has become now people research hot spot, and electrode materials properties determine the performance of supercapacitor, and electrode materials has become the research focus. Transition metal oxide rich resources and electrochemical performance is outstanding, so this article with cobalt nickel as the research object, through a simple hydrothermal method directly on nickel foam substrate grow NiCo2O4 composite oxide, the product by XRD, SEM and other testing means structure were studied, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results show that with urea as the structure of guide agent, can grow easily on nickel foam cashier NiCo2O4 oxides of rice noodle and spiny ball array by using cyclic voltammetry and constant current charge and discharge method of NiCo2O4 / foam nickel electrode materials of electrochemical properties were tested, the test results show that the NiCo2O4 / foam nickel electrode materials under the current density of 1 a/g specific capacitance is 520 f/g, with the current density increased to 10 a/g, specific capacitance can still keep high, insurance rate of 80.7%, has a good ratio performance.

KeyWords: cobalt acid nickel；hydrothermal method；super capacitor.

目录

绪论 1

1选题依据 1

2文献综述 1

2.1超级电容器的定义 1

2.1.1超级电容器的基本原理 1

2.1.2超级电容器的特征及其应用 2

2.2研究现状 2

2.3本课题研究的内容、目的与意义 4

3、实验过程 4

3.1主要化学试剂和原料 4

3.2材料与电极的制备 5

3.2.1原料处理 5

3.2.2NiCo2O4电极材料的制备 5

3.2.3电极的制备 6

4.结果与讨论 7

4.1XRD结果分析 7

4.2SEM扫描电子显微镜分析 7

4.3电化学性能测试 10

4.3.1循环伏安曲线分析 10