摘要：为了解决能源稀缺的问题，超级电容器的电极材料越来越受到关注，多级复合电极材料因其优越的性能，具有极高的研究价值。本文使用简单水热法合成氧化锰以及液相回流法合成NiCo2O4/MnO2核壳型复合材料电极，并通过SEM、XRD及电化学测试等测试和表征手段对不同反应条件下合成的电极材料进行了研究。结果发现产物经过煅烧后形成NiCo2O4和MnO2物相结构，并呈约十几微米长的均匀性较好的线状形貌，回流温度对形貌的均一性有较大影响；NiCo2O4/MnO2核壳型复合材料电极的伏安循环曲线及恒流充放电曲线结果显示，在使用6mol/L氢氧化钾溶液作电解液，纯MnO2电极在1A/g的电流密度下的比电容只有102F/g，保容率为58%，复合电极在1A/g的电流密度下的比电容为283F/g，10A/g的电流密度下比电容具有73%，300℃煅烧温度下复合电极的电化学性能具有更好的电化学性能。

关键词:超级电容器；简单液相法；水热法；多级复合电极；钴酸镍；氧化锰

Study on the preparation of NiCo2O4/ MnO2 electrode materials

Abstract：In order to solve the problem of energy scarcity, the electrode materials of super capacitors have attracted more and more attention. Multi- layer composite electrode materials have extremely high research value because of their superior performance. In this paper, a simple hydrothermal method for the synthesis of manganese oxide and liquid-phase reflow method for the synthesis of N iCo2O4/MnO2 core-shell composite electrode, and through the SEM, XRD and electrochemical testing and other tests and characterization methods for the electrode materials synthesized under different reaction conditions the study.  The  results showed that the product was calcined to form NiCo2O4 and  MnO2  phase  structure,  and  the linear morphology was better than about a dozen microns long, and the reflow temperature   had a great influence on the homogeneity of the morphology; The volt-ampere cycle curves and galvanostatic charge-discharge curves of NiCo2O4/MnO2 core-shell composite  electrode showed that the specific capacitance of the pure MnO2 electrode at the current density of 1A/g was only 102 F/g when 6 mol/L KOH solution was used as the electrolyte. The retention rate is 58%.  The specific capacitance of the  composite electrode at a current density of 1 A/g is   283 F/g, and the specific capacitance at a current density of 10 A/g has 73%, and the composite electrode at a calcination temperature of 300°C has better electrochemical performance.

KeyWords: super capacitor; simple liquid phase method; hydrothermal method; multi-stage composite electrode; nickel cobalt oxide; manganese dioxide

目录

1绪论 1

1.1引言 1

1.2超级电容器概述 1

1.3超级电容器的分类 1

1.3.1按存储电能的机理 2

1.3.2按电极材料分类 2

1.4超级电容器的应用与前景 5

1.5本课题的目的与意义 5

2实验部分 6

2.1实验药品及仪器 6

2.2电极性能表征方法 6

2.2.1扫描电镜SEM 6

2.2.2X射线衍射XRD 7

2.2.3伏安循环测试和恒流充放电测试 7

2.3实验流程 8

2.4MnOOH纳米线的制备