延期药因成本低廉、制备方便、延期时间范围广等优点受到广泛的关注。但其存在延期精度不高的问题，严重影响使用安全和作用效果。为解决这一问题，本文使用静电喷雾法制备了五种不同B含量的B/CuO/NC延期药，作为对比，用机械混合法制备了相同配比的B/CuO/NC延期药。用光-电靶法测定燃速，对样品进行SEM、XRD、DSC表征、激光感度测试和燃烧特性测定。结果表明，静电喷雾法制备的五种不同B含量的B/CuO/NC延期药较于机械混合法制备的B/CuO/NC延期药延期精度均明显提高。其中，静电喷雾法制备的硼含量为11%的B/CuO/NC延期药延期精度最高，燃速标准差由4.22降为0.69；延期药粒径较小，形状更加规则，排列更加有序；燃烧残渣中未发现反应物CuO且还原产物Cu含量高，反应更完全；主反应峰提前21.3℃，放热量增加；激光点火能量由70mJ降低到45mJ；火焰较小，延期时间长。

关键词  B/CuO/NC延期药、静电喷雾、延期精度、热性能、激光感度、燃烧性能

毕业设计说明书外文摘要

Title  Preparation and Characterization of High Precision

         Nano-B/CuO/NC Delay Composition         

Abstract

Delay compositions are widely used in weapon system because of its low-cost, easy preparation and wide extent. However ,its disadvantage is low delay precision which results in unsafe and poor performance. In this paper, B/CuO/NC delay compositions  were prepared by electrostatic spray method to improve its delay precision. The combustion rate was measured by Light-electrical method, and the other performance were characterized by SEM, XRD, DSC, laser sensitivity test and combustion test. The results show that the delay precision of B/CuO/NC is apparently improved by electrostatic spray method, although the burning time is extended. The best ratio is boron content 11%, the standard burning rate deviation decreased from 4.22 to 0.69, the burning time is double than the normal method, the reaction temperature is ahead of 21.3 ℃, the combustion is more complete, there is no CuO in the residual, and the laser ignition energy is reduced from 70mJ to 45mJ.

Keywords  B/CuO/NC delay composition  Electrostatic spray  Delay precision  Heat performance  Laser sensitivity  Combustion performance

目   次

1  绪论 1

1.1  研究背景 1

1.2  延期药延期精度提高措施及研究现状 1

1.3  本文的工作思想 5

2  实验部分 6

2.1  B/CuO/NC延期药的制备 6

2.2  B/CuO/NC延期药燃速的测定 8

2.3  B/CuO/NC延期药形貌表征 9

2.4  B/CuO/NC延期药燃烧产物XRD测试 9

2.5  B/CuO/NC延期药的热性能表征 10

2.6  B/CuO/NC燃烧特性测定 10

2.7  B/CuO/NC延期药激光感度测定 10

3  实验结果分析与讨论 11

3.1  B/CuO/NC延期药燃速的测定 11

3.2  B/CuO/NC延期药形貌分析 14

3.3  B/CuO/NC燃烧产物XRD表征 18

3.4  B/CuO/NC延期药的热性能分析