摘要:近年来，金属氧化物纳米材料逐渐引起人们的关注，其在能源以及环境保护方面发挥越来越重要的作用。其中，特殊结构的SnO2纳米材料逐渐成为研究热点之一。本实验通过水热法，以二水合氯化亚锡和葡萄糖为溶质，以水为溶剂，制备出高比表面积的SnO2纳米微球。通过RHB试剂作为污染物代表，并对SnO2纳米材料的光催化性能作出了进一步的探讨。通过改变反应釜加热时间，改变是否加入葡萄糖试剂，以及分两步来做的方法制备出不同的SnO2纳米微球，分别测试不同生长条件下得到的SnO2的光催化性能。结果显示颗粒形貌不是决定光催化的决定性因素。

通过对XRD衍射、SEM和光催化的分析，我们得到如下的结论：

（1）所有制备的样品的衍射峰均与SnO2标准卡片完美吻合；尖锐的衍射峰显示，制备得到的SnO2纳米材料的结晶度非常高。

（2）实验成功制得纳米微球，C球的制备同样均一且分散性良好；未添加葡萄糖的样品有自发形成球状的趋势，但其大小不均一且团聚现象严重。

（3）SnO2的光催化效果与其加入量有一定关系，当加入量在一定范围内增加时，其光催化效果会逐步提高；SnO2纳米颗粒的催化效果最好，显示颗粒尺寸的大小并不能完全决定光催化性能的好坏。

关键词:SnO2;纳米微球;水热法;光催化

Abstract:In recent years, metal oxide nano-materials gradually aroused people's attention, its energy and environmental protection play an increasingly irreplaceable role. Among them, the special structure of SnO2 nanomaterials has become one of the research hotspots. In this experiment, SnO2 hollow nanospheres with high specific surface area were prepared by hydrothermal method, stannous chloride dihydrate and glucose as solute and water as solvent. Then we passed the RHB reagent as the representative of the pollutants, and the photocatalytic performance of SnO2 nanomaterials was further discussed. In the preparation, we prepared different concentrations of SnO2 nanospheres by changing the heating time of the sample reactor, changing whether or not to add glucose, and preparing the SnO2nanospheres in two steps. After that, we tested the photocatalytic activity of SnO2 under different growth conditions performance. The results show that particle size is not a decisive factor in determining photocatalysis. By analyzing the XRD patterns, SEM images and photocatalysis, we obtain the following conclusions:

(1) The diffraction peaks of all prepared samples were in good agreement with the values of SnO2 standard cards. The sharp diffraction peaks showed that the crystallinity of the prepared SnO2  nanomaterials was very high.

(2) The preparation of hollow nanospheres was basically completed, and the preparation of C balls was uniform and the dispersibility was good. The samples without glucose addition had spontaneous formation of spherical trend, but their size was uneven and agglomeration was serious.

(3) The photocatalytic effect of SnO2 has a certain relationship with the amount of SnO2. When the amount of SnO2 increases, the photocatalytic effect will increase gradually. When the amount of SnO2 nanoparticles increases, the catalytic effect of SnO2 nanoparticles is the best Determine the quality of photocatalytic performance. Keywords: SnO2; nanospheres; hydrothermal method; photocatalysis

目录

第一章绪论 1

1.1引言 1

1.2SnO2的结构与性质 2

1.3SnO2的光催化原理