氧化铝微纳米粉体的简易合成研究
（1） 采用葡萄糖、蔗糖、淀粉、乳糖等糖类以及抗坏血酸、酒石酸作为原料，能够合成出Al2O3 微纳米粉体，且该方法的产率也较高；
（2） 采用葡萄糖为原料，pH值为8时，所获得的前驱体所需热处理温度较低。所得产物晶粒粒径小，物相均匀；
（3） 本实验制备的γ-Al2O3 纳米晶粉体粒径较小，在1200 °C时γ-Al2O3转变为α-Al2O3，制备的α-Al2O3 的粒度为微米级。
关键词： 溶胶凝胶法；氧化铝；糖类
毕业设计说明书（毕业论文）外文摘要
Title Facile preparation of alumina powders via sol-gel process
Abstract
γ-Al2O3 and α-Al2O3 powders were prepared by sol-gel process using Al(NO3)3•9H2O, de-ionized water, ammonia, polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP, K-30), typical saccharides (glucose, sucrose, starch, lactose) or ascorbic acid, tartaric acid as raw materials. In a typical procedure, transparent solution was obtained by dissolving Al(NO3)3•9H2O, one type of saccharides into de-ionized water. Then the solution was dried at temperature close to the boiling point of solvent to induce the formation of sol and dried gel. γ-Al2O3 and α-Al2O3 powders were prepared by heating the dried gels at different temperatures in air. The phase structure and grain sizes of the calcined powders were adjusted by changing pH of the solution, the type of saccharide, the molar ratio of Al(NO3)3•9H2O to saccharide, the heating temperatures and the content of PVP. The phase analysis and microstructure were performed by X-ray diffraction (XRD),scanning electron microscope (SEM), thermogravity-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC).Based on the results, the following conclusions can be claimed:
(1)γ-Al2O3 and α-Al2O3 powders can be obtained by using glucose, sucrose, starch, lactose, ascorbic acid, tartaric acid as raw materials. This sol-gel method is effective and low cost in preparation of Al2O3 powders with high yield;
(2)Theγ-Al2O3 can be prepared at temperature as low as 600-650 ℃ when the pH value of glucose-mediated sol-gel process is 8;
(3)The XRD investigation results indicate that the particle sizes of the γ-Al2O3 powders obtained in the experiment is in nanometer range, the crystalline phase of the Al2O3 powders transform from γ phase to α phase at about 1200℃, and the particle sizes of theα-Al2O3 powders is in micrometer range.
Keywords: Sol-gel; Al2O3 powders; Saccharide
目次
第一章 概述 1
1.1 引言 1
1.2纳米氧化铝的晶体结构 2
1.2.1 γ-Al2O3 3
1.2.2 β-Al2O3 3
1.2.3 α- Al2O3 3
1.3纳米氧化铝的制备方法 4
1.3.1气相法 4
1.3.2固相法 5
1.3.3液相法 5
1.4本文的研究目的及研究内容 9
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