摘要：目前，Pt/C催化剂的高成本和低稳定性为质子交换膜燃料电池（PEMFCs）的商业化提出了巨大挑战。本论文通过一步化学还原法制备了PtNi/C合金催化剂，Ni的引入一方面降低了Pt的使用量，另一方面提高了催化剂的氧还原（ORR）活性。我们采用Pt(acac)2及Ni(acac)2作为金属前驱体,同时为了提高合金中镍金属的含量，我们在制备过程中加入适量NaOH以提高体系的PH值；此外，为了防止催化剂之间的团聚，我们使用PVP作为保护剂；进一步，通过引入结构导向剂CTAC使得最终的催化剂为去顶的立方八面体；优化后，所制备的催化剂在0.9 V vs. RHE处氧还原质量比活性和面积比活性分别为0.133 A mgPt-1和595.02μA cmPt-2，优于商业Pt/C(其质量比活性和面积比活性分别为0.0946 A mgPt-1和123.43μA cmPt-2)。49310

毕业论文关键词：一步法 ， PtNi催化剂，氧还原反应， 燃料电池

One-pot synthesis of PtNi nanocatalyst with high catalytic performance

Abstract: Cost and durability are the major two challenges to the commercialization of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), which in large part is attributed to the low activity and stability of state-of-the-art Pt/C catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) at the cathode. This paper  prepared PtNi/C catalyst by one-pot chemical reduction method.The introduction of Ni not only can reduce            but also  improve the oxygen reduction catalyst (ORR) activity.In the process of precursor and in order to improve the content of nickel metal in the alloy catalyst, adding suitable amount of NaOH to increase the PH of solution; In addition, in order to prevent the reunion between catalyst, we use the PVP as the protective agent; Further, the catalyst morphology belongs to truncated octahedral by addition of CTAC as the structure-directing agent . The mass-spectific activity and area-specific activity of preapered catalyst are 0.133 A mgPt-1 and 595.02μA cmPt-2, respectively, which are better than that of commercialized Pt/C ( 0.0946 A mgPt-1and 123.43μA cmPt-2).                                                                                                                                            

Key words: one-pot syntheisis; PtNi alloy catalyst; oxygen reduction reaction; fuel cell 

目录

第一章 文献综述 3

1.1 燃料电池工作原理 3

1.2 氧还原反应机理 5

1.3 Pt基合金催化剂进展 6

1.4 研究意义与研究内容 10

第二章 实验过程 11

2.1 实验药品 11

2.2 实验仪器 11

2.3 PtNi／C催化剂的制备 11

2.4 TEM表征 12

2.5催化剂的半电池评价 12

第三章PtNi／C催化剂微观结构及性能研究 13

3.1 催化剂微观结构分析 13

3.2 催化剂电化学性能测试 14

       3.2.1催化剂的循环伏安测试