摘    要：在现今社会的教育评价体系中,成绩几乎是最为重要的评价标准,这就造成了众多小学对于智育的极度重视与对于德育的普遍忽视,培养出一些高分低能低素质的学生。一些小学的德育课甚至已经成为活动课或被语数英科等主课占据,对于德育极度缺乏重视。在日常教育管理中,许多小学也以遵守日常行为规范为主要着眼点,忽视学生日常生活中的道德教育,忽视学生健全人格的培养。目前,蔡元培主张更具有划时代意义的思想,不仅实现了中国道德教育从传统到现代的转变,也反映了现代中国的思想变化顺应社会变化和发展的世界历史的趋势,中国社会的道德教育思想在小学教育中的进一步发展和实践重要的意义和启示。

In today's social education evaluation system, achievement is almost the most important evaluation standard, which has caused many primary schools' extreme attention to intellectual education and general neglect of moral education, and has brought up some high score, low energy and low quality students. Some of the primary school moral education has even become the activity class or number of language subjects for moral education etc. occupy Intco, extreme lack of attention. In daily education management, many primary schools also focus on observing routine behavior norms, ignoring students' Moral Education in daily life, ignoring the cultivation of students' healthy personality. At present, Cai Yuanpei advocated the idea of more epoch-making significance, not only to achieve the China moral education from the traditional to the modern transformation, but also reflects the ideological change in modern Chinese conform to social change and development trend of world history, Chinese society moral education thought in primary school education in the further development and Practice is of significance and Enlightenment important. 

关键词：蔡元培; 德育思想; 小学教育; 启示

Keyword: Cai Yuanpei; moral education thought; primary education; enlightenment

目   录

1 绪论 4

1.1 选题的背景与研究的意义 4

1.1.1 选题的背景 5

1.1.2 选题的意义 5

1.2 国内外文献综述 5

1.2.1 国外研究现状 5

1.2.2 国内研究 6

1.2.3 国内外研究现状评述 6

1.3 研究思路 7

2 蔡元培道德教育思想的形成背景 7

2.1 蔡元培道德教育思想形成的文化背景 7

2.1.1 中国传统文化的深刻影响 7

2.1.2 西方先进文化的学习 7

2.2 蔡元培道德教育思想形成的社会背景 8

2.2.1 国外的社会背景 8

2.2.2 国内的社会背景 8

2.3 蔡元培道德教育思想形成的教育背景 8

2.3.1 学校教育的影响 8

2.3.2 家庭教育的影响 8

3 蔡元培道德教育思想的主要内容 9

3.1 道德教育的核心思想 9

3.1.1 自由 9

3.1.2 平等 9

3.1.3 博爱