摘要：草甘膦的用量大，使用广泛，在许多国家在被大量用于农业中的杂草控制。然而，草甘膦会转移到水循环，并可能对水生生物产生不利影响。近年来，世界各地不断爆发蓝藻水华事件，成了世界性的环境问题。本研究调查蓝藻铜绿微囊藻暴露于草甘膦后的生理效应。本实验以铜绿微囊藻为研究藻种，除草剂草甘膦对这种蓝藻进行染毒，通过在蓝藻培养过程中检测其细胞内外各物质含量的变化，来得到除草剂对这种蓝藻生长所起到的作用，最后综合数据对藻毒素进行生态毒性评估。结果表明，在产毒细胞的藻细胞数，叶绿素a及类胡萝卜素和蛋白质含量的变化是一致的。在铜绿微囊藻中，由草甘膦氧化应激表明，暴露72个小时，丙二醛(MDA)的浓度增加，过氧化氢酶(CAT)，过氧化物酶(OD)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活性增强。这些结果对于理解草甘膦对水华蓝藻的毒性，这对于环境影响评价和保护起到一定的参考作用。

关键词：草甘膦；铜绿微囊藻；氧化损伤 

Physiological Effects of Herbicide Glyphosate on the Toxic Cyanobacteria

Abstract: In the past decades, Glyphosate Herbicide has been used widely for weed control in agriculture industry around world. However, glyphosate can tranfer into body of water and can have negative effects on aquatic life. Frequently occurring Cyanobacterial blooms caused by glyphosate has become a worldwide environment issue. This study focused on Microcystis aeruginosa and Glyphosate by investigating the physiological changes of Microcystis aeruginosa after exposured to glyphosate. In the experiment, Glyphosate was introduced to the cyanobacteria in culture process. The content of various substances inside and outside the cells was measured to evaluate the effects of Herbicide Glyphosate on Microcystis. The results has shown that changes in cell density production, protein content and chlorophyll a are consistent.In M. aeruginosa, the increased the activities of Peroxidase (POD),Catalase Form Micrococcus Lysodeikticus (CAT) and Superoxide Dismutase (Orgotein), together with the increased the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) has indicated that glyphosate has caused oxidative stress after 72 hours of exposure. To further investigate the toxicity of glyphosate on Microcystis aeruginosa, the viability of treated cells was monitored and the toxin release was determined. These results are useful for environmental assessment and protection by understanding the toxic effects of glyphosate on cyanobacteria.

Key Words: glyphosate; Microcystis aeruginos; oxidative damage

目录

1绪论 1

1.1除草剂的污染现状 1

1.2草甘膦的环境影响 2

1.2.1草甘膦的简要介绍 2

1.2.2草甘膦对生物多样性的影响 3

1.2.3草甘膦对土壤的污染 2

1.2.4草甘膦对农业的污染 2

1.2.5草甘膦对水体的污染 2

1.2.6草甘膦对海洋和水生生物的污染 2

1.3蓝藻及铜绿微囊藻简述 4

1.3.1蓝藻 2

1.3.2铜绿微囊藻 2

1.4 课题研究的意义与内容 5

2实验条件 7

2.1实验用品 7

2.1.1仪器 7

2.1.2实验材料 7

2.1.3实验试剂