摘 要：与传统的二维工程制图相比，三维建模技术能够直观地展示工程场景。在水利工程当中，河道是重要研究和实践对象，而传统的河道三维建模方法自动化程度比较低，需要大量的人机交互，耗时费力，本文提出一种基于GIS的参数化河道三维自动建模方法。以走马塘工程河道初步设计CAD图件为数据源，利用GIS的数据预处理、建模自动生成主河道的基础上，结合SketchUp手工构建河道附属物的三维模型。最后，利用Visaul studio的C#面向对象编程语言，结合ArcObject二次开发可视化组件（SceneControl组件）构建河道三维可视化应用程序，实现了模型的漫游、浏览和空间查询等操作。通过研究和开发的系列实验及其结果表明，该方法不仅可显著提高数据预处理效率，而且可大幅提高建模的效率和稳定性，也为快速构建可视化系统提供稳定和可靠的解决方案，为工程规划、管理、施工和后期的评估提供强大技术支持。92488

毕业论文关键词：GIS，SketchUp，三维建模，人工河道，GIS空间数据库

Abstract：Compared with the traditional two-dimensional engineering drawing, three-dimensional modeling technology can visually show the engineering scene。 In the water conservancy project, the river is an important research and practice object, and the traditional river three-dimensional modeling method is relatively low degree of automation, requires a lot of human-computer interaction, time-consuming and laborious, this paper presents a GIS-based parametric river three-dimensional automatic construction Modular method。 Based on the preliminary design CAD drawings of Maomagang project river, the 3D model of river appendages was constructed by SketchUp based on the data preprocessing and modeling of GIS。 Finally, the use of Visaul studio C # object-oriented programming language, combined with ArcObject secondary development of visual components (SceneControl components) to build river three-dimensional visualization applications, to achieve the model of roaming, browsing and spatial query and other operations。 Through the research and development of the series of experiments and the results show that this method can not only significantly improve the efficiency of data preprocessing, but also can greatly improve the efficiency and stability of modeling, but also for the rapid construction of visual systems to provide a stable and reliable solution for Engineering planning, management, construction and post-evaluation to provide strong technical support。

Keywords：GIS，SketchUp，3D Model，Artificial river ，Geodatabase

目   录

1 前  言 4

2  基本原理与建模方法 7

2。1  基本原理 7

2。2  建模方法 8

3  具体实现 8

3。1  工作流程 8

3。2  数据获取及预处理 9

3。3  三维建模 12

4  可视化及结果 14

结  论 16

参 考 文 献 17

致  谢 18

附  录  （原始CAD数据截图） 19

1 前  言来自优O尔P论R文T网WWw.YoueRw.com 加QQ7520`18766

近些年来，三维建模一直是测绘、GIS的研究热点。三维建模是运用计算机图形图像处理技术，将建筑物的二维平面图转换为三维模型并进行立体显示的一门科学技术，它是构建虚拟城市的重要基础。同时，三维建模技术对于工程的规划、设计、施工和评估具有重要应用价值。三维建模技术的核心是根据研究对象的三维空间信息构造其立体模型，并利用相关建模软件或编程语言生成该模型的立体图形显示。