Acknowledgements In the process of paper writing, I have received a lot of advice and great help from many people.First of all, I’ d like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor, Professor who was helping me all the time. Not only has he guided me patiently and given me advice in this paper, but he has also given me lots of inspirations in the course I took. 44076

I would also express my deep thanks to other teachers who have me suggestions and advice at the very beginning of my paper-writing. They asked me questions about my ideas and discussed my outline of the paper and raised doubts, which helped me to rethink my structure.

Moreover, my gratitude also goes to Professor She has leaded me to the world of English and American Literature, and their teaching in class equipped me with literary theory and also broaden my literary horizon, which helped me to organize this paper.

Furthermore, I would thank my lovely classmates, who have always keep me informed of the school news. They have helped a lot with the trifles because I was not in school. 

Finally, I must express my gratitude to my dear parents and younger brother, who have given me great support when I was in trouble and much encouragement when I doubted myself. They are my motivation to work hard and pursue my dream. 

 The Use of Symbolism in James Joyce’ s “The Dead”

Abstract Dubliners, one of James Joyce’ s most famous works, vividly details the middle class Catholic life in Dublin in the early years of the 20th century. The Dead is the final short story in his collection Dubliners. It is also the longest story in the collection. This story draws a perfect end to the whole collection. This thesis analyzes the use of symbolism in the story The Dead from three aspects including the names, the events and the circumstances in the story. What is more, the thesis further specifies the functions of the use of the symbolism. Finally, by analyzing the functions that symbolism makes to the narration of the whole story, this thesis practices a new method to analyze James Joyce’ s work and also the works by other writers who have been influenced by him greatly.

Keywords: James Joyce;  The Dead;  Symbolism; Dubliners

詹姆斯·乔伊斯《死者》里象征手法的使用

摘  要《都柏林人》是詹姆斯·乔伊斯最著名的作品之一。书中用生动形象的语言描绘了二十世纪初，都柏林中产阶级人们的生活状态。《死者》是《都柏林人》15篇小说集的最后一篇，也是全书中最长的一篇。本文主要从三个部分来详细分析《死者》中象征手法的使用，人物名字，故事事件，自然景物。通过对这三方面的分析，读者可以发现象征手法在本文的大量使用。同时，本文也将分析象征手法对整个故事叙述的作用。通过对《死者》中象征手法使用的分析`吹冰*文+论]文|网\www.chuibin.com，有助于读者更好地掌握小说的情感基调以及对整个小说集的理解，也便于阅读乔伊斯后期作品以及更好的研究受乔伊斯影响的其他作家。

毕业论文关键词：乔伊斯；《死者》；象征主义；《都柏林人》

 Contents

1. Introduction 1

1.1 James Joyce the author 1

1.2 Dubliners, a collection of short stories 1

1.3 “The Dead”, the short story 1

2. Literature Review 2

2.1 Symbols and Symbolism 2

2.2 Previous Studies of “The Dead” 2

3. A Symbolic Analysis of “The Dead” 3

3.1 The symbolic meaning of names